Sexual and reproductive health isn’t just a medical concern—it’s a matter of personal freedom, dignity, and well-being.
Yet, for many (especially non-German speakers), understanding how to access care can still feel confusing.
Whether you’re seeking contraception, STI testing, fertility support, or guidance during pregnancy, the type of insurance you have plays a significant role in what’s covered.
In this guide, you’ll learn:
Germany approaches sexual and reproductive health as a matter of personal rights and public education, not just medical care.
This progressive perspective is supported by two key systems: education and legal protection.
Sex education begins early in German schools.
Children are taught in age-appropriate ways about:
The goal is to empower students with facts, not fear. This open, informed approach helps reduce stigma and misinformation.
As a result, Germany has one of the lowest teen pregnancy rates in Europe: just 6 births per 1,000 women aged 15–19, down by half since 2000.
Germany’s laws uphold sexual and reproductive rights:
You can locate gynecologists (Frauenärzte), urologists, and clinics through:
These platforms show if the doctor speaks English or other languages, and what insurance they accept.
Learn more about how to find a doctor in Germany.
Regardless of your health insurance, you do not need a referral to a gynecologist or urologist. However, private health insurancetypically helps you get an appointment faster.
Many city public health offices (Gesundheitsämter) often offer anonymous or low-cost STI tests.
By law, anyone seeking pregnancy counseling has a legal right to anonymity and confidentiality. This includes minors and people without legal residence status.
These protections also extend to:
Pregnancy counseling centers such as Pro Familia and Donum Vitae offer non-judgmental support, including anonymous consultations and help with navigating unplanned pregnancy.
Public health insurance covers most essential sexual and reproductive health services with minimal or no co-payment.
Private insurance often reimburses at even higher rates and can offer broader or faster access to specialists. However, it usually requires the patient to pay upfront and claim reimbursement afterward.
Still, please note that coverage details vary by provider and contract in private health insurance.
With that out of the way, let’s examine what German health insurance covers regarding sexual health:
Fully covered by public health insurance until age 22: Birth control pills, hormonal IUDs, vaginal rings, patches, and other prescribed methods are free.
After age 22, coverage stops unless there’s a medical reason (e.g., hormonal disorders, endometriosis).
In general, private insurers cover contraceptives only if they are prescribed for a medical reason (e.g., endometriosis). Purely contraceptive use is typically not covered.
With public health insurance, women can receive:
Men can get an annual prostate and genital exam starting at age 45 for cancer screenings.
These preventive exams are also covered by private health insurance, and usually waive any of the age-based restrictions mentioned above.
With both public and private health insurance, STD testing and treatment are covered only when medically necessary. That means only if either:
The only exception is one annual chlamydia test for women under 25.
Routine screenings (e.g., HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea) without symptoms are generally not covered.
Private insurance usually reimburses for other tests, but patients should check policy terms or contact their insurance directly.
Learn more about STD & STI testing in Germany.
Public health insurance offers extensive prenatal care, including:
Private health insurance will reimburse more scans and tests, and can even cover private-room stays (depending on your plan).
Public health insurance offers partial coverage for fertility treatment if:
If you fulfill these requirements, you are eligible for up to 8 cycles of insemination (IUI), and 3 cycles each of IVF, ICSI, and GIFT.
A treatment plan must be submitted and approved in advance. Coverage typically includes 50–65% of costs; couples pay the remainder.
Private coverage varies (as per usual). Some plans reimburse more, others exclude fertility care entirely.
For example, at Feather, only our Plus and Premium plans offer fertility treatments coverage.
Abortion is legal in Germany within 12 weeks of conception (about 14 weeks after your last period), but counseling is required first. This session (fully confidential) happens at certified centers like Pro Familia. They won’t try to sway your decision.
After counseling, you’ll receive a certificate and must wait three days before proceeding.
Two abortion methods are available:
Costs range from €300–600 unless your health or a crime is involved. Low-income individuals can apply for full coverage. Pro Familia can help here.
Learn more about abortion in Germany.
If you’re considering hormonal birth control, here are the main types available for women:
Barrier methods are another accessible form of contraception:
Some people choose natural methods, though they tend to be less dependable and not covered by insurance:
Since 2015, emergency contraception has been available without a prescription. Pharmacies (Apotheken) sell two types:
Pro Familia, Diakonie, Caritas, and public health offices (Gesundheitsämter) offer free or low-cost sessions. You can discuss topics like:
Germany offers structured, well-supported care throughout pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. Here’s a quick overview of what to expect.
Start by booking an appointment with a gynecologist or your Hausarzt. They’ll confirm the pregnancy and issue your Mutterpass, a booklet for tracking all medical info relevant to your pregnancy.
Once confirmed, health insurance immediately covers nearly all routine prenatal care.
Notify your insurance and employer as soon as possible to start the process for parental leave benefits.
Routine prenatal care is fully covered and tracked in your Mutterpass: bloodwork, ultrasounds (one per trimester), urine tests, and fetal monitoring from week 32.
Mutterschutz (maternity leave) starts 6 weeks before the due date and continues 8 weeks after birth (12 in case of premature or multiple births)
You are guaranteed job protection and receive your full wage during this time. You are also entitled to part-time or flexible return options upon request.
You can give birth in a hospital (Klinik), birthing center (Geburtshaus), or at home. All are covered by insurance.
Hospitals handle most births, including complications and C-sections. Birthing centers and home births are for low-risk pregnancies and are attended by midwives.
Book your spot early (around 30 weeks into your pregnancy), especially in major cities. To prepare, take birth preparation classes (which are often covered).
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common and treatable, but many go unnoticed. Testing helps protect your health and others’.
For full details, check out our complete guide to STD & STI testing.
Public health offices (Gesundheitsämter) offer free, anonymous STI testing, including HIV.
Pro Familia can offer low-cost tests based on your income, but it may not be available in every city.
If you need fast results, private labs and clinics are the way to go, but expect to pay €50–150 per test.
Finally, general practitioners or gynecologists can order STI tests, typically only if symptoms are present.
If you’re experiencing painful, heavy, or irregular periods, book a visit with a gynecologist. Be specific when describing your symptoms—note how often, how severe, and how they affect your routine.
You may be eligible for these treatments depending on the underlying condition and your symptoms:
Diagnosing and treating PCOS, endometriosis, menopause, and their symptoms requires a visit to a specialist:
Public and private insurance cover exams, labs, and treatments if medically necessary.
Issues like erectile dysfunction (ED) or low libido can have physical or psychological causes, often both.
If you’re experiencing intimacy issues, follow these steps:
Sexologists (trained therapists or doctors who specialize in sexual health) and couples therapists offer targeted help.
Drugs like Viagra (sildenafil) are available with a prescription from a doctor.
Young people in Germany have the right to access sexual health information, care, and counseling, often without parental involvement.
Here’s what teens and parents should know:
Minors aged 14 and older can access contraception, STI testing, and counseling with utmost confidentiality, and without parental consent.
However, doctors assess a teen’s capacity for informed decision-making on a case-by-case basis. If the person is deemed capable, no parental involvement is needed.
Parental consent could be required for specific procedures under age 14 or if ongoing care involves significant risk.
The Youth Health Services (Jugendgesundheitsdienste) offer free exams, advice, and vaccinations.
Zanzu.de offers extensive information on your body, rights, and relationships, in simple terms and many languages.
Finding knowledgeable, trans-inclusive healthcare services is key, but can be challenging.
These clinics and networks specialize in gender-affirming care and support:
There are two main ways to access hormone treatment in Germany:
Be aware that many gender affirming treatments have long waitlists (6–18 months), and that not all states offer the same quality of care.
Fertility preservation (e.g., sperm or egg freezing) is possible, but rarely covered unless your doctor finds it medically necessary. You should ask for details from your endocrinologist or fertility clinic early.
Understanding sexual and reproductive health in Germany means understanding your rights, your options, and how the healthcare system supports your choices.
This isn’t just useful: it’s empowering.
Whether you’re navigating contraception, pregnancy, or gender-affirming care, knowing what’s covered helps you make confident, informed decisions.
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