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Liability Insurance Statistics, Trends and Facts

Liability insurance covers you financially from damages, injuries, and financial loss caused to another third party, along with any associated legal expenses. It’s becoming a popular, and in some countries mandatory, form of insurance. 


Although not a legal requirement in the country, **83%** of [Germans have liability insurance](https://www.gdv.de/gdv/themen/gesellschaft/versicherungsschutz-versicherungsdichte-ueberversicherung-49418) and **79%** [consider it a crucial type of insurance](https://www.versicherungsbote.de/id/4912070/Diese-Versicherungen-sollte-jeder-besitzen---finden-die-Deutschen/?gallery=kxctq). This makes Germany one of the countries with one one of the highest penetration rates for liability insurance. In the US, by contrast, [only 20% of American homeowners](https://www.bremer.com/insights/personal/2023-02-07-protect-yourself-with-an-umbrella-insurance-policy) opt for extra coverage through an umbrella liability policy. 


In this post, we’ll unpack the latest data on liability insurance, the costs coverage and the size of the global liability insurance market. 


## **Top liability insurance stats


- **$290\.5B** global liability insurance market valuation in **2024**.
- **$524\.66B** projected market size by **2034**.
- **83%** of Germans hold personal liability insurance.
- **54%** of small U.S. businesses carry general liability coverage.
- **36–53%** of U.S. small businesses face lawsuits annually.
- **$18\.8B** in average annual liability claim payouts (2017–2021\).
- **95%** of personal injury lawsuits settle before trial.
- **$1\.3M** average settlement in U.S. medical malpractice cases.


## Global liability insurance market size


- **$290\.5B** global liability insurance market in **2024**, up from **$275\.24B** in **2023**.
- **$524\.66B** projected market value by **2034**.
- **90\.6%** expected growth over the decade.
- **$126\.61B** market size in **North America** (2023\), representing **46%** of the global total.
- **25%** market share for **Europe**, **21%** for **Asia** in 2023\.


North America remains the dominant region by market share, driven by strong commercial adoption and high litigation risk.


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/06/3-Region-by-market-size-1024x614.jpg)
**Source**: [Precedence Research](https://www.precedenceresearch.com/liability-insurance-market), [TechSci Research](https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/liability-insurance-market/27890.html#:~:text=The%20global%20Liability%20Insurance%20Market,It%20also%20reduces)


### **Top 5 countries by liability insurance market size**


Here is the breakdown of the 5 countries with the largest liability insurance markets:


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/06/1-Countries-with-the-largest-insurance-markets-1024x614.jpg)
**Source**: [Agency Checklists](https://agencychecklists.com/2025/03/24/naic-2025-market-share-top-25-other-liability-insurers-75017/#:~:text=The%20Other%20Liability%20insurance%20market,amid%20a%20challenging%20claims%20environment), [market.us](https://market.us/report/liability-insurance-market/), [CEIC Data](https://www.ceicdata.com/en/china/insurance-premium/cn-insurance-premium#:~:text=China%20Insurance%20Premium%3A%20PI%3A%20Liability,RMB%20mn), [Asian Business Review](https://asianbusinessreview.com/insurance/news/japans-general-insurance-sector-slated-for94b-2028#:~:text=Liability%20insurance%2C%20representing%208.9,cyber%20insurance%20and%20workers%27%20compensation), [France Assureurs](https://www.franceassureurs.fr/wp-content/uploads/fa-ra2022.pdf#:~:text=match%20at%20L1957%20Responsabilit%C3%A9%20civile,tr%C3%A8s%20h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rog%C3%A8ne%2C%20rassemblant%20des%20risques), [Statista](https://www.statista.com/outlook/fmo/insurances/non-life-insurances/general-liability-insurance/germany#users)


## What percentage of businesses have general liability insurance?


- **54%** of small businesses have general liability insurance.
- **40%** operate without any insurance.
- **43%** of owners have been threatened with legal action.
- **36–53%** of small businesses are sued annually.
- **90%** of businesses will face legal action during their lifetime.
- **75%\+** of small business owners fear being targeted by a lawsuit.
- **$89B** estimated annual cost of excessive litigation to New York’s economy.


Here is the breakdown of the most liability insurance purchased by small business owners: 


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/06/6-Most-common-forms-of-liability-insurance-1024x614.jpg)
**Source:** [BusinessDasher](https://www.businessdasher.com/small-business-insurance-statistics/), [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/small-business/protect-small-business-getting-sued/), [The Zebra](https://www.thezebra.com/resources/research/small-business-statistics/), [Next](https://www.nextinsurance.com/blog/survey-small-businesses-lack-confidence-adequate-insurance/), [New York Post](https://nypost.com/2024/12/12/us-news/nys-bogus-legal-costs-hit-a-staggering-89b-as-nyc-ranked-second-worst-judicial-hellhole-in-us-report/)


## What is the success rate in defending liability lawsuits?


- **70%** of personal injury claimants receive compensation, either through settlement or court\-awarded damages.
- **57%** increase in liability litigation costs over the past decade.
- **95%** of personal injury lawsuits settle before reaching trial.
- **50–60%** of plaintiffs win when cases go to trial.
- **40–50%** of defendants succeed in trial\-based liability defenses.


### **Defense success rates by case type**




| Case Type | Defense Success Rate |
| --- | --- |
| Medical Malpractice | 81% |
| Product Liability | 62% |
| Premises Liability | 61% |
| Motor Vehicle | 39% |



> Out\-of\-court settlements remain the dominant resolution method. Defense outcomes vary widely by liability type, with medical cases showing the highest defense success rate.


**Sources:** [Case Pacer](https://casepacer.com/resources/chances-of-winning-a-personal-injury-lawsuit), [On the map](https://www.onthemap.com/blog/personal-injury-stats/), [Advocate Magazine](https://www.advocatemagazine.com/article/2022-march/common-issues-and-defenses-in-premises-liability-cases), [NOLO](https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/how-much-can-i-get-for-my-personal-injury-case-and-how-long-will-it-take-new.html), [Risk \& Insurance](https://riskandinsurance.com/social-inflation-drives-57-surge-in-us-liability-claims-over-a-decade/#:~:text=Litigation%20costs%20drove%20a%2057,in%202023%2C%20Swiss%20Re%20reports)


## What percentage of people have personal liability insurance?


- **83%** of Germans hold personal liability insurance.
- **79%** of Germans consider liability insurance essential.
- **20%** of American homeowners purchase umbrella liability policies.


Germany has one of the world’s highest liability insurance penetration rates despite no legal mandate.


**Source:** [BusinessDasher](https://www.businessdasher.com/small-business-insurance-statistics/), [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/small-business/protect-small-business-getting-sued/), [The Zebra](https://www.thezebra.com/resources/research/small-business-statistics/), [Next](https://www.nextinsurance.com/blog/survey-small-businesses-lack-confidence-adequate-insurance/)


## **Payout trends for liability claims**


- **$90\.4B** paid out across **530,000\+ claims** between **2017–2021**.
- **$18\.8B** in average annual liability payouts.
- **$55B** in U.S. motor vehicle liability payouts in **2023**.
- **45%** of U.S. liability payouts in 2023 stemmed from motor vehicle claims.



> Motor vehicle incidents accounted for nearly half of all U.S. liability payouts in 2023\.


**Sources:** [Case Pacer](https://casepacer.com/resources/chances-of-winning-a-personal-injury-lawsuit), [On the map](https://www.onthemap.com/blog/personal-injury-stats/), [Advocate Magazine](https://www.advocatemagazine.com/article/2022-march/common-issues-and-defenses-in-premises-liability-cases), [NOLO](https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/how-much-can-i-get-for-my-personal-injury-case-and-how-long-will-it-take-new.html), [Risk \& Insurance](https://riskandinsurance.com/social-inflation-drives-57-surge-in-us-liability-claims-over-a-decade/#:~:text=Litigation%20costs%20drove%20a%2057,in%202023%2C%20Swiss%20Re%20reports)


## What is the value of liability claims paid out?


- **$31,000** median settlement across all U.S. liability cases.
- **$24,000** median payout received by 50% of plaintiffs.
- **$1\.3M** average payout for medical malpractice cases.
- **$103,654** average settlement for truck accident cases.
- **$97,517** average for dog bite cases.


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/06/5-Average-settlement-amount-by-type-1024x614.jpg)
While most payouts remain modest, exceptional jury awards (known as “nuclear verdicts”) are increasing in frequency and size:


- **$44M** median jury award in major liability cases (2023\).
- **2x** growth from **$21M** in 2020\.
- **27%** increase in jury awards over **$10M** in 2023\.
- **40%\+** of nuclear verdict value attributed to defective products.


In these cases, large\-scale product liability claims drive the majority of high\-value jury awards.


**Source:** [On the map](https://www.onthemap.com/blog/personal-injury-stats/), [Brown and Crouppen](https://www.brownandcrouppen.com/blog/average-personal-injury-settlement-amounts/), [The Zebra](https://www.thezebra.com/resources/research/small-business-statistics/#lawsuit-statistics), [Risk \& Insurance](https://riskandinsurance.com/social-inflation-drives-57-surge-in-us-liability-claims-over-a-decade/#:~:text=Litigation%20costs%20drove%20a%2057,in%202023%2C%20Swiss%20Re%20reports), [InsuranceBusiness](https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/us/news/breaking-news/will-nuclear-verdicts-impact-the-insurance-industry-in-2025-519537.aspx#:~:text=Brian%20Pierce%20,from%20%2421%20million%20in%202020), [Allianz](https://commercial.allianz.com/news-and-insights/news/liability-claims-2024.html#:~:text=US%20juries%20have%20ordered%20a,highlights%20five%20liability%20loss%20trends)


## What is the average cost of liability insurance?


In the United States, the average annual cost of general liability insurance is **approximately** **$360**. Average annual increases in the price of American liability insurance are typically between **5% and 10%.** 


Here is the estimated cost of different types of liability insurance in the United States:


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/06/2-Cost-of-liability-insurance--1024x614.jpg)
In Germany, liability insurance is one of the cheaper forms of popular insurance with average policy tariffs ranging from **€3\.30 to €6\.60 per month**.


**Source:** [Forbes](https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business-insurance/small-business-insurance-statistics/), [Feather Insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/liability-insurance-germany-guide/), [Brown and Brown](https://www.bbrown.com/us/insight/commercial-insurance-risk-management-market-trends-quarter-1-2025-2/#:~:text=)

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Private Pension Germany: The Guide to Retirement

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Top Life Insurance Statistics, Trends & Facts

[Life insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/life-insurance) is one of the oldest forms of insurance and life insurance policies are major contributors to the global financial services market. 


But just how big is the life insurance market and, who contributes to its size? 


In this post, we’ll unpack the latest data on life insurance, the value of the life insurance market, the amounts paid out in claims, and answer questions like “who is looking for additional coverage?”.


## Key life insurance statistics: Our top picks


- The global life insurance market was valued at $3\.1 trillion in 2024\.
- Hong Kong has the highest life insurance ownership rate globally at 79%.
- In both Hong Kong and India, 91% of people believe life insurance is essential.
- 52% of individuals cite cost as the main barrier to purchasing a life insurance policy.
- 72% of people overestimate the cost of basic life insurance coverage.


## How big is the life insurance market?


In 2024, the global life insurance market reached an estimated value of **$3\.1 trillion**, up from **$1\.9 trillion in 2017**.


It is projected to grow by **approximately 9% from 2023 to 2028**, reaching **$4 trillion by 2028**, and **$4\.8 trillion by 2035**.


The **United States accounts for nearly 27%** of global life insurance premiums.


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/04/01_Contribution-to-global-life-insurance-premiums-by-region-1024x614.png)
In Germany, the life insurance market peaked in **2020**, with **€101\.1 billion** in gross written premiums, representing **3\.1% of the country’s GDP**.


Premiums declined to **€97\.8 billion in 2022** and **€95\.8 billion in 2023**, but the market returned to growth in 2024\.


Between **2025 and 2029**, the German life insurance market is expected to grow modestly at a rate of **0\.19%**.


Sources: [Swiss Re](https://www.swissre.com/press-release/Life-insurance-drives-global-premium-growth-as-interest-rates-remain-higher-for-longer-says-Swiss-Re-Institute/0d31084f-7790-48cf-bd8a-8f4e73e57bc6), [Allianz Global Insurance Report](https://www.allianz.com/en/mediacenter/news/studies/240523-allianz-global-insurance-report.html)**,** [Trading Economics](https://tradingeconomics.com/germany/life-insurance-premium-volume-to-gdp-percent-wb-data.html), [CEIC](https://www.ceicdata.com/en/germany/life-insurance-premium)


## Which countries have the highest rate of life insurance ownership?


**Hong Kong** leads the world with a **79% life insurance ownership rate**, and **84% of its residents** consider life insurance important.


**India** and **Thailand** have the highest proportion of citizens who believe life insurance is essential, both at **91%**.


### **Ownership rates by country:**


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/04/04_Countries-by-life-insurance-ownership-1024x614.png)
Sources: [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/en/newsroom/industry-trends/2020/perceptions-about-life-insurance-ownership-around-the-world/)


## How does age affect life insurance ownership?


Age plays a key role in life insurance ownership, with older generations more likely to have coverage:


- **57% of Baby Boomers** (aged 60–78\) have life insurance.
- **55% of Gen X** (44–59\) report owning a policy.
- **50% of Millennials** (28–43\) have coverage.
- **Gen Z**, the youngest generation (under 27\), has the lowest ownership rate at **36%**.


Source: [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/en/research/research-abstracts-public/2024/2024-insurance-barometer-study/)


## Do men or women own more life insurance?


- **57% of men** report having life insurance, compared to **46% of women**.
- However, **45% of women** say they need more coverage, compared to **39% of men**.


This trend shifts for **single mothers**:


- **41% own life insurance**, while **59% say they need or need more coverage**.


Source: [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/siteassets/research/research-abstracts-shared/2024/securing-the-future/2024-insurance-barometer---securing-the-future-infographic.pdf)


## What is the average life insurance payout?


The average value of life insurance policies varies by country:


- **United States:** $160,000
- **Japan:** $47,000 (¥7 million)
- **South Africa:** $16,500 (ZAR 300,000\)
- **United Kingdom:** $77,600 (£61,000\)
- **Germany:** $54,200 (€50,000\)


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/04/06_Average-life-insurance-policy-value-by-country-1024x614.png)
Source: [Capital for Life](https://www.capitalforlife.com/blog/how-much-does-life-insurance-payout)


## **How many people plan to purchase life insurance?**


In 2023, **39% of consumers** reported plans to purchase a life insurance policy.  
Younger generations showed a stronger intent:


- **44% of Gen Z adults** planned to buy life insurance.
- **50% of Millennials** indicated the same.


Overall, **42% of the population** said they either need coverage or need more coverage.  
This need is especially high among **single mothers**, with **59%** expressing the need for coverage.


Source: [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/siteassets/newsroom/fact-tank/fact-sheets/single-mothers-life-insurance.pdf), [Insurance Information Institute](https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-life-insurance)


## **Why do people buy life insurance?**


The most common reason for purchasing life insurance is to cover **burial and final expenses**.


- **60%** of policyholders cite this as their primary motivation.
- Among **single mothers**, this rises to **63%**.


### **Top 5 reasons for owning life insurance:**


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/04/02_Top-reasons-for-owning-life-insurance-1024x614.png)
Source: [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/siteassets/newsroom/fact-tank/fact-sheets/single-mothers-life-insurance.pdf), [Insurance Information Institute](https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-life-insurance)


## **Why Don’t People Buy Life Insurance?**


The **cost of life insurance** is the most frequently cited barrier.


- **42%** of people without coverage say it’s too expensive.
- However, **72% overestimate the cost** of a basic term life insurance policy.


This trend is also seen among **single mothers**:


- **46%** of single mothers without life insurance consider it unaffordable, compared to **42%** of the general population.


### **Top 5 reasons for not owning life insurance:**


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/04/03_Top-reasons-for-not-owning-life-insurance-1024x614.png)
**Source:** [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/siteassets/research/research-abstracts-shared/2024/securing-the-future/2024-insurance-barometer---securing-the-future-infographic.pdf)


## **How Much Is Paid Out in Life Insurance Claims Each Year?**


In 2023, **$831 billion** was paid out globally in life insurance claims, up from **$812 billion in 2022**.


![](https://storage.googleapis.com/popsure-blog-content/1/2025/04/05_Total-amount-of-life-insurance-claims-paid-out-by-year--1024x614.png)
In Germany, life insurers pay out over **€160 billion** annually in term life insurance benefits to the families of policyholders.


Source: [Insurance Information Institute](https://www.iii.org/publications/triple-i-insurance-facts/life-annuity-financial-data/benefits-and-claims), [Statista](https://www.statista.com/statistics/433156/insurance-claims-and-benefits-value-germany/)


## **How many people feel underinsured?**


- **42% of American adults** say they need more life insurance or don’t have enough coverage.
- This figure jumps to **56%** for households earning **under $50,000 per year**.
- **45% of women** report needing more coverage.


Younger generations are also more likely to feel underinsured:


- **49% of Gen Z**
- **46% of Millennials**


Source: [LIMRA](https://www.limra.com/siteassets/research/research-abstracts-shared/2024/securing-the-future/2024-insurance-barometer---securing-the-future-infographic.pdf)

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Cavity fillings in Germany

Tooth decay is one of the most common dental problems—and if left untreated, it can lead to pain, infection, or even tooth loss.


A cavity filling is a simple and effective way to stop decay and restore the health of your tooth.


But in Germany, the cost of a filling depends on the material used, where the cavity is located, and what kind of health insurance you have.


**Prices average €140 but typically range from €30 for a cement filling to over €600 for gold.**


[Public health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public) (GKV) covers only the standard treatment, so patients often face out\-of\-pocket costs—especially if they choose a more durable or natural\-looking option.


In this guide, you’ll learn:


- What cavity fillings are and when you need one
- The different types of filling materials available
- How much fillings usually cost in Germany
- What public, private, [dental insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/dental-insurance) and expat insurance covers
- And six practical ways to save money on cavity fillings


By the end, you’ll know exactly what to expect—so you can protect your teeth without overspending.


Let’s get started.


## What are cavity fillings?


Cavity fillings are used to repair teeth damaged by tooth decay. 


First, a dentist removes the decayed part of the tooth using a drill or special tools. A local anesthetic is usually given to numb the area. 


Once the decay is removed, the space, called a cavity, is filled with a strong material that restores the tooth’s shape and function.


The filling is shaped and polished to fit naturally with your bite. 


How long a filling lasts depends on the material used, brushing and flossing habits, and diet. Some materials, like gold or ceramic, are very long\-lasting. Others, like composite resin or cement, may wear down faster. 


### Types of dental fillings


Different fillings are available in Germany, each with specific features, benefits, and costs. 


Here’s a closer look at the most common types:


#### 1\. Composite resin (tooth\-colored or plastic filling)


Composite resin is currently the most popular filler choice, especially for visible areas.


- Made of plastic mixed with ceramic, glass, or quartz particles.
- Matches the color of natural teeth—ideal for front or visible teeth.
- Bonds directly to the tooth, preserving more of the healthy structure.
- Applied in a soft form, then hardened with a special light.
- Suitable for both adult and baby teeth.
- Mercury\-free and considered safe for long\-term health.
- **Cost:** Around €120 per tooth.


Although not as durable as gold or ceramic, composite fillings offer a good balance of appearance, safety, and affordability.


#### 2\. Amalgam (metal filling; being phased out)


Amalgam fillings are silver\-colored and very durable. Once widely used for back teeth, they are being phased out due to health concerns.


- Strong, long\-lasting, and affordable.
- It contains mercury, which has raised safety concerns.
- As of January 1, 2025, amalgam will generally no longer be used under EU rules.


While still found in older fillings, dentists now have to offer mercury\-free alternatives.


#### 3\. Ceramic (inlays)


Ceramic fillings are high\-quality, tooth\-colored, and custom\-made for a precise fit.


- Made in a dental lab to match your tooth’s shape.
- Very durable and resistant to wear and staining.
- Offers a natural appearance, especially in back teeth.
- **Cost:** Typically between €400 and €800 per tooth.


Though more expensive, ceramic inlays are long\-lasting and blend well with surrounding teeth.


#### 4\. Gold (inlays/onlays)


Gold fillings are strong, long\-lasting, and well\-suited for larger cavities, especially in the back of the mouth.


- Made from a mix of gold, copper, and other metals.
- Highly durable and rarely causes allergic reactions.
- Custom\-made in a lab and fitted to the tooth.
- Visibly noticeable due to color.
- **Cost:** Around €650 per tooth.


Gold fillings are a premium option—highly effective but more expensive and less discreet.


#### 5\. Cement (temporary or base filling)


Cement fillings are typically used as a temporary fix or as a base under other fillings or crowns.


- Quick to apply and very affordable.
- Not tooth\-colored and less durable.
- Often used in baby teeth or while waiting for a permanent solution.
- **Cost:** Between €20 and €40\.


These are not intended for long\-term use but are helpful in specific cases.


## How much do cavity fillings cost in Germany?


The cost of a dental filling in Germany depends on the material used, the size of the cavity, and where it is located in the mouth. 


Materials like gold and ceramic are more expensive, partly because they require extra steps. 


These fillings are custom\-made in a dental lab, which involves taking an impression of the tooth and fitting it later. In the meantime, the dentist uses a temporary cement filling to protect the area.


In contrast, composite (or “plastic”) fillings can be applied in one visit. Once placed, the tooth is immediately functional again.


Here’s an overview of typical costs per tooth without insurance:




| **Filling material** | **Used for** | **Estimated cost per tooth** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cement | Temporary fillings and baby teeth | €20 to €40 |
| Amalgam | No longer used since Jan 2025 | €50 to €70 |
| Composite (Plastic) | Front teeth and molars | €60 to €300 |
| Ceramic | Molars | €400 to €800 |
| Gold | Molars | €500 to €1,100 |


Prices can vary depending on the dentist, the complexity of the filling, and the materials used. 


## Does German health insurance cover cavity fillings?


**Yes, but not always entirely**. 


How much is covered depends on your type of [health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/health-insurance-germany-guide/), the materials used, and your insurance provider. 


Let’s break it down.


### What does public health insurance (GKV) cover?


If you’re covered by Germany’s statutory health insurance (GKV), you’re entitled to **basic dental care**, including simple fillings. But coverage is limited.


Here’s what you need to know:


- **GKV covers standard plastic (composite) fillings**—but only up to the cost of basic care. According to TK, this typically means €40–€50 per tooth.
- **Cement fillings are fully covered**, but they’re less durable.
- **Ceramic or gold fillings** are considered premium or cosmetic and are *not* covered.
- Even with the same material, **replacing an intact filling isn’t covered** unless medically necessary.


If you choose a more expensive option, like a ceramic inlay, GKV will reimburse only the amount they’d pay for a standard filling. You cover the rest.


#### Example of out\-of\-pocket costs with GKV:




| **Type of filling material** | **Cost** | **Average covered by GKV** | **You pay** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cement | €30 | €30 | €0 |
| Composite/Plastic (Standard care) | €75 | €45 | €30 |
| Ceramic | €500 | €45 | €455 |
| Gold | €625 | €45 | €580 |


### What does supplemental dental insurance cover?


Because public insurance offers limited dental coverage, many purchase [dental insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/dental-insurance) for better protection.


Coverage varies by provider and plan. Let’s look at **Feather’s** plans as an example:


- Year 1: €150 worth of coverage
- Year 2: €150 worth of coverage
- After Year 2: No limit on coverage for fillings


Note that unused limits roll over, so if you’re in your second claim\-free year, here’s what you might pay:




| **Type of filling material** | **Cost** | **Average covered by GKV** | **Covered by Feather** | **You pay** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cement | €30 | €30 | €0 | €0 |
| Composite/Plastic (Standard care) | €75 | €45 | €30 | €0 |
| Ceramic | €500 | €45 | €300 | €155 |
| Gold | 625 | €45 | €300 | €280 |


From year three onward, you’d be fully covered for all of the above with Feather.


Check out our post on [Germany’s best dental insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/best-dental-insurance/) to find the perfect plan for you.


### What does private health insurance cover?


[Private health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/private) usually offers **more comprehensive dental coverage**, but the benefits depend on your plan.


Using Feather’s private insurance as an example:


- **Fillings are covered 100%**, regardless of the material.
- For inlays, you can choose your reimbursement levels (70%, 80%, or 90%) depending on your plan: Standard, Plus, or Premium.


### What does expat (incoming) insurance cover?


[Expat insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/expat) is one of Germany’s most affordable health insurance, so dental coverage tends to be **limited**—though this varies by plan and provider.


Using Feather’s insurance as an example:


- **Basic short\-term plan**: Up to €500 for pain\-relieving treatments, including simple fillings.
- **Premium short\-term plan**: Up to €1,000 for the same.


For **long\-term expat plans** (available after a 6\-month waiting period):


- **Standard plan:** Up to €750 in coverage.
- **Premium plan:** Up to €1,125 in coverage


The coverage excludes any pre\-existing conditions known, treated, or diagnosed before the cover commenced. That’s one of the reasons why this insurance is so affordable.


## When should you get cavity fillings?


Dental fillings are used to treat cavities and prevent further tooth decay. If left untreated, cavities can lead to more serious damage, possibly requiring a crown—a cap that covers the whole tooth. [Crowns](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/dental-crown) are typically more expensive than fillings.


A filling is needed when tooth decay creates a hole, or cavity, in a tooth. Your dentist will remove the decayed part and fill the space to restore the tooth. Fillings also help with:


- Cracks or chips in teeth
- Wear and tear from grinding or friction
- Erosion caused by acids
- Neck defects and worn biting surfaces


A filling is a good option if the tooth still has enough healthy structure left. If too much of the tooth is damaged, a crown or other restoration may be necessary.


You should see your dentist if you notice any of these signs:


- A visible hole or rough spot you can feel with your tongue
- Sensitivity to hot, cold, sweet, or sour foods
- Pain when chewing or pressure on the tooth


Your dentist can examine the tooth and ask if a filling is needed. It’s always best to ask for a professional opinion if you’re unsure. Temporary fillings may also be an option in some cases.


## 6 tips for more affordable cavity fillings


Getting a cavity filled doesn’t have to break the bank. 


Here are six simple ways to make dental fillings more affordable:


### 1\. Take advantage of warranties


Dental offices offer a warranty on fillings. If your filling falls out or gets damaged within two years, your dentist should replace it at no cost. Be sure to confirm this with your provider.


### 2\. Compare quotes


Costs for fillings can vary between dentists. Call around and ask for estimates before you commit. A few quick phone calls could save you a lot.


### 3\. Ask about payment plans


Many dentists offer payment plans that let you spread the cost over time. Just be sure to ask about interest rates or extra fees so there are no surprises.


### 4\. Consider cheaper filling materials


Some materials cost less but still do the job well. Ask your dentist if there are more affordable options that will work for your specific case.


### 5\. Look for discounts


Some dentists offer discounts if you pay in cash or refer new patients. It’s also okay to mention financial challenges—your dentist might be willing to lower the cost or work with you.


### 6\. Get dental insurance


If you have dental insurance, check your plan to see how much it covers. Insurance can significantly lower your out\-of\-pocket cost for fillings.

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[BP] cavity filling

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Physiotherapy in Germany

Back pain, sports injuries, and post\-surgery recovery are just a few reasons someone might need physiotherapy.


Whether you’re dealing with a chronic issue or bouncing back from an injury, these treatments can help you move better, feel better, and return to your daily routine.


But how much does physiotherapy cost in Germany, and will your health insurance pay for it?


In this guide, you’ll learn:


- What physiotherapy is and when it’s needed
- How much treatment usually cost in Germany
- What’s covered by public, private, and expat insurance
- Types of physiotherapy and how to access care


Let’s dive in.


## What is physiotherapy?


Physiotherapy is a type of medical treatment that focuses on restoring movement and function. It can help relieve pain, prevent injuries, improve rehabilitation, and increase overall mobility.


Physiotherapists use hands\-on techniques, guided exercises, and sometimes equipment (like resistance bands or ultrasound) to help patients regain strength, coordination, and flexibility.


Common reasons for physiotherapy include:


- Recovering from surgery or an accident
- Managing chronic pain, especially in the neck, back, or joints
- Treating sports injuries like sprains, strains, or tendonitis
- Improving posture and alignment
- Rehabilitating after a stroke or neurological condition


Depending on the treatment plan, a session usually lasts **20 to 60 minutes**. Patients may attend several sessions over a few weeks or longer, depending on their needs.


## How much does physiotherapy cost in Germany?


Physiotherapy prices in Germany are generally affordable, averaging €30 per session, but the exact costs vary depending on the type and length of treatment and the physiotherapy center’s location.


Here’s a general idea of what you can expect to pay:




| **Physiotherapy type** | **Average cost per session** |
| --- | --- |
| General physiotherapy (30 min) | €30 – €50 |
| Manual therapy | €35 – €60 |
| Lymphatic drainage | €40 – €70 |
| Electrotherapy or ultrasound (add\-on) | €10 – €25 |
| Extended therapy (60 min) | €60 – €80 |


Costs are higher in private practices or urban centers like Berlin, Munich, or Frankfurt. The price can increase if additional treatments (like hot/cold therapy or massage) are included.


Most patients complete a full course of treatment over **6 to 12 sessions**, which can cost several hundred euros unless insurance covers it.


## Does German health insurance cover physiotherapy?


**Yes, if your doctor prescribes it.** 


However, the amount they cover (and how easy it is to access care) depends on your insurance type.


### With public health insurance (GKV)


Public insurers like TK or AOK typically cover **up to 90%** of the cost of prescribed physiotherapy. 


Here’s what that usually means:


- **You need a prescription** from a general practitioner or specialist
- **You pay a co\-payment**: 10% of the treatment cost plus €10 per prescription.
- Coverage is limited to medically necessary treatment.
- Maximum of 6–10 sessions per prescription, extendable if needed


For example, if a session costs €50 and you have 6 sessions, the total is €300\. Insurance pays €270, and you pay €30 \+ €10, meaning a total of **€40 out\-of\-pocket**.


### With private health insurance (PKV)


Private health insurance in Germany generally offers **comprehensive coverage** for physiotherapy.


To qualify for reimbursement, three conditions typically need to be met:


- A **licensed medical doctor** has issued a prescription (indicating the treatment is necessary to treat or alleviate a health condition)
- The treatment is delivered by a **registered healthcare provider**, such as a licensed physiotherapist, not a medical doctor.
- **Therapy is billed according to the GOÄ** (Germany’s [official medical fee schedule](https://www.dguv.de/medien/inhalt/reha_leistung/verguetung/physio-a-positionen-01.04.2023-mit-uv-goae-nrn.-fuer-zabas.pdf)). If you’re ever in doubt about this, ask your therapist for a cost plan and submit it to us for pre\-approval.


Coverage specifics can vary between companies and your specific plan, but here’s a breakdown for Feather’s private health insurance, which should give you a general idea:




| **Plan** | **Coverage Description** |
| --- | --- |
| **Standard** | 80% coverage, up to €4,000 per year. Costs beyond €4,000 are covered 100%. |
| **Plus** | 80% coverage, up to €2,000 per year. Costs above this limit are covered 100%. |
| **Premium** | 100% coverage, no annual cap. |


### With expat (incoming) insurance


Feather’s expat health insurance **does cover physiotherapy**, but your level of coverage depends on the type of plan you have:


#### Short\-term expat plans


If you’re on one of Feather’s short\-term expat plans, here is what your coverage looks like:


- **Basic plan:** Physiotherapy is covered up to €300 per year, as long as you have a doctor’s referral.
- **Premium plan**: Physiotherapy is fully covered with a doctor’s referral.


Both plans require that the condition or injury **occur after your policy starts**, have a €30 co\-payment per prescription, and require the treatment to be prescribed. Chiropractic and osteopathic treatments are not included.


#### Long\-term expat plans


If you’re on a long\-term expat plan:


- Physiotherapy is covered for up to 20 sessions per year
- A doctor’s prescription is required.
- There’s a €30 co\-payment per prescription.


As with short\-term plans, the condition must have started after your coverage began, and treatments like chiropractic or osteopathy are excluded.


## How to get physiotherapy in Germany


Here’s how it works:


### 1\. Get a referral


Before booking sessions, you’ll need a **referral (prescription)** from a licensed medical doctor, like a GP or specialist. The referral must state that the treatment is **medically necessary**, and typically includes:


- The diagnosis or reason for treatment
- Number of sessions prescribed
- Type of therapy recommended (e.g, physiotherapy, manual therapy, etc.)


Please note that referrals are usually valid for **28 calendar days** from the issue date, so don’t wait too long to book your first session.


### 2\. Find a physiotherapist


Once you have a referral, the next step is booking your sessions.


However, finding the right physiotherapist in Germany can take some time, especially if you’re new to the country or don’t speak fluent German.


Start with online platforms like [Doctolib](https://www.doctolib.de/) that help you filter by location, insurance type, and language spoken.


Another helpful resource is the [KBV’s (Kassenärztliche Vereinigung) database](https://www.kbv.de/html/praxisnachrichten.php), which lists licensed providers accepting public health insurance (you can reach them via phone at [116117](tel:116117)).


Before booking, confirm the clinic or therapist:


- **Accepts your insurance plan**, especially if you’re on public insurance.
- **Charges within GOÄ limits** (Germany’s medical fee scale) to ensure bills will be fully reimbursed.
- **Will not exceed your plan’s per\-session coverage limit**, if applicable


### 3\. Get a cost plan approved


If you have **private or expat health insurance**, you must **submit a cost plan** before starting physiotherapy. 


With it, your insurer will **confirm your** **coverage in advance** and can save you from unexpected out\-of\-pocket costs.


It’s a document prepared by your therapist that outlines:


- Your medical condition and the treatment being prescribed
- The number of physiotherapy sessions planned
- The expected cost per session and total treatment amount
- Whether the fees follow the **GOÄ** (official medical fee schedule for private billing)


This plan is submitted to your insurer, who reviews it and tells you how much they will reimburse based on your policy.


**If you’re publicly insured**, you usually don’t need to submit a cost plan for physiotherapy. Instead, your doctor’s prescription is enough, and the clinic bills your insurance directly.


### 4\. Start your therapy


Once your cost plan is approved (or if it’s not required), you’re ready to begin treatment.


Here’s what to keep in mind during your sessions:


- **Stick to your schedule**: Prescriptions usually include a fixed number of sessions that must be completed within a set time window. If you delay treatment, you may need a new referral.
- **Track your appointments**: Keep copies of any invoices or treatment confirmations, especially if you pay upfront.


### 5\. Get reimbursed


If you’re paying upfront, you’ll need to **submit a claim for reimbursement** after your treatment begins.


Here’s how to do it:


- Collect the following:  

	- **Official invoice** from the physiotherapist
	- **Doctor’s prescription** (referral)
	- **Approved cost plan**, if applicable
- Log in to your **Feather account** or your insurer’s claims portal.
- Upload the documents and submit your claim.
- Your insurer will review the claim and reimburse you according to your plan.


And that’s it! You’ve now completed the whole process, **from prescription to payment**.

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Doctor explaining treatment to a patient.

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Dermatology in Germany

Dermatologists are the experts you turn to for skin, hair, and nail health. But in Germany, getting an appointment—and understanding what your health insurance will pay for—can be confusing.


Depending on the type of issue and your insurance, visits may be fully covered or come with out\-of\-pocket costs. A basic consultation can start at around **€60**, while more complex tests or treatments may cost significantly more, sometimes in the thousands.


In this guide, you’ll learn:


- What dermatologists treat and when you should see one
- How much dermatology appointments cost in Germany
- What public, private, and expat insurance plans cover
- What to expect from diagnosis to treatment
- Tips for booking appointments quickly


Let’s get started.


## What does a dermatologist do?


A dermatologist specializes in diagnosing and treating skin, hair, and nail conditions. 


In Germany, dermatologists are board\-certified specialists with years of training in both medical and cosmetic skin issues.


Common conditions they treat include:


- Acne, eczema, and psoriasis
- Suspicious moles and skin cancer checks
- Fungal infections and rashes
- Allergies and skin irritations
- Hair loss or excessive hair growth
- Nail disorders like fungal infections or brittle nails


Many dermatologists in Germany also offer cosmetic treatments such as Botox, fillers, or laser therapy—but these services aren’t typically covered by health insurance (more on that below).


Appointments usually last 10–30 minutes, depending on the issue. If additional tests, such as skin biopsies, allergy tests, or lab work, are needed, a follow\-up visit may be required.


## How much does dermatology cost in Germany?


Prices vary depending on your insurance, the city you’re in, and whether your visit is medical or cosmetic.


Here’s a rough overview of standard dermatology costs in Germany:




| **Treatment or Consultation** | **Estimated Cost (€)** |
| --- | --- |
| Basic consultation (20–30 min) | €60 – €100 |
| Mole check/skin cancer screening | €80 – €150 |
| Skin biopsy (incl. lab work) | €120 – €300 |
| Allergy testing (patch/prick test) | €90 – €250 |
| Wart or mole removal (minor) | €80 – €180 |
| Acne treatment (per session) | €60 – €120 |
| Cosmetic treatments (e.g., Botox) | €150 – €2400\+ |


## Does German health insurance cover dermatology?


Most insurance plans will cover part or all of these costs if your doctor deems the visit medically necessary. 


However, if your appointment is for cosmetic reasons or purely preventive, you may have to pay out of pocket.


Let’s take a look at the three main types of health insurance available in Germany:


### With public health insurance (GKV)


The core rule: if a treatment is **medically necessary**, it’s covered. If it’s purely cosmetic or aimed at general well\-being, it’s not. 


Doctors assess whether a legitimate health issue exists, and the insurer pays for the most cost\-effective solution.


[**Public insurers**](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public) **like TK, AOK, and Barmer typically cover:**


#### Skin diseases:


- Eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections
- Severe acne (if there’s risk of infection)
- Symptomatic rosacea
- Chronic conditions needing long\-term care


#### Skin cancer prevention:


- Screenings every 2 years (age 35\+)
- Mole checks, biopsies (if medically indicated)
- Removal of suspicious or cancerous lesions


#### Infections \& inflammation:


- Bacterial/viral infections
- Abscesses, ulcers, and wound care


#### Allergy\-related conditions:


- Atopic/contact dermatitis
- Allergy testing (with doctor referral)


#### However, **to be reimbursed**, you’ll need:


- A referral from your general practitioner
- To pay a small **co\-payment** (usually €10 per quarter or per prescription)


### With private health insurance (PKV)


[Private health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/private) generally offers more flexible and comprehensive coverage for dermatology, especially if the treatment is medically necessary.


All private plans differ; but looking at coverage from the ones at Feather should give you a general idea of what to expect:




| **Plan** | **Dermatology coverage** |
| --- | --- |
| **Standard** | 100% with a GP referral or in emergencies; 75% when visiting a specialist directly |
| **Plus** | 100% coverage |
| **Premium** | 100% coverage |


**To make sure your visit is reimbursed properly:**


- Confirm that your dermatologist bills within [GOÄ limits](https://www.privat-patienten.de/fileadmin/Import/gebuehrenordnung-fuer-aerzte.pdf) (Germany’s medical fee schedule)
- Submit a **cost plan** in advance for any treatment expected to exceed €1,000


### With expat (incoming) insurance


Here are the rules on our [expat health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/expat) plans when it comes to dermatology:


- Medically necessary appointments are typically covered
- Cosmetic procedures are not
- A €30 co\-payment per event may apply
- A **referral from a doctor** is required
- **Only new conditions are covered**—pre\-existing issues are excluded


## How to access dermatologic treatments in Germany


Follow these simple steps:


### 1\. Get a referral (if needed)


Are you on [public health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public)? Then you will need a referral from your GP (Hausarzt). 


The same thing applies to [expat health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/expat) customers.


Are you on private insurance? Then, referrals aren’t always required. But they help document the process and can ensure you get reimbursed to the fullest extent.


The referral usually states the suspected diagnosis and reason for the visit.


### 2\. Find a dermatologist


Use platforms like [Doctolib](https://www.doctolib.de) to search by:


- Location
- Language spoken
- Insurance type (public vs. private)
- Appointment availability


To speed things up, and find an appointment in the shortest amount of time possible, try:


- Calling clinics directly if you don’t see online availability
- Ask your GP for a recommendation or referral note
- Be open to practicians working nearby cities or suburbs


### 3\. Confirm your coverage


Before booking, check if:


- The dermatologist accepts your insurance
- Your plan covers the procedure or screening
- They can offer a cost plan during your visit


This step is especially important for private or expat insurance.


### 4\. Attend your appointment


At your visit, make sure to:


- Bring your **insurance card** and referral (if applicable)
- Ask if any proposed procedures will incur extra costs
- Request a **treatment plan** or invoice if you’re paying upfront


### 5\. Get reimbursed (if applicable)


If you pay out of pocket (if you have [private health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/private), submit your documents for reimbursement:


- Referral
- Treatment invoice
- Proof of payment
- Cost plan (if applicable)


Use your insurer’s claims portal, like [Feather’s](https://app.feather-insurance.com/account/signin), to upload the documents and receive your refund.


## When should you see a dermatologist?


You should consider visiting a dermatologist if you experience:


- New or changing moles
- Persistent acne or skin inflammation
- Unexplained rashes or irritation
- Sudden hair loss
- Nail discoloration or deformation
- Any skin issue not resolving with over\-the\-counter care


Even without symptoms, skin cancer screening is recommended every two years if you’re over 35 (or more frequently if you have a family history or high risk).

[BP] dermatology

Woman laying with her ginger cat after veterinary visit

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Best pet insurance in Germany: Our top 3

Countless cat and dog insurance providers are on the market right now. 


From the most comprehensive policies to the most budget\-friendly options, there’s plenty to choose from—but finding the right coverage for your cat or dog can be tricky. 


So, what is the best pet insurance in Germany this year? 


Unlike standard health insurance, insurance for your dog or cat comes in various forms, covering everything from routine check\-ups to unexpected surgeries. 


At Feather, we researched and compared over 15 dog insurance providers in Germany to help you find the policy that best fits yours and your pet’s needs. 


Several top\-tier insurance companies have introduced new plans this year, and we’ve rounded up some of the best options to guide your decision. 


But, if you’re new to dogs \& cats insurance, check out our guide on [how pet insurance works](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/pet-insurance-germany-guide/).


**Disclaimer:**


*This article reflects our independent assessment and should be considered alongside your criteria for determining the “best” pet health insurance. Consulting with an insurance broker may be more beneficial than relying solely on this article to find a plan that truly meets your needs.*


*Our rankings are based on a structured methodology, which we recommend reviewing to ensure it aligns with your priorities.*


*Insurance plans, pricing, and reviews are subject to change. The information in this article was last updated on March 10, 2025\.*


Now that it’s settled, let’s dive in.


## Where to start looking for the best pet insurance in Germany




| **Company** | **Recommended for** | **Starting price (monthly)** | **Trustpilot rating** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Feather | English speakers | €14\.60 | [4\.8 out of 5](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/feather-insurance.com) |
| Hespter | Affordability | €7\.42 | [2\.5 out of 5](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/hepster.com) |
| Allianz | Older pets | €11\.14 | [4\.1 out of 5](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.allianz.de) |


## Feather: Recommended for English\-speakers




| **Pros** | **Cons** |
| --- | --- |
| ✅English support available | ❌Minimum 1\-year contract |
| ✅App helps submit your claims in minutes | ❌Pets over 6 years old are ineligible |
| ✅No limits on surgeries | ❌Breed standardization procedures excluded |
| ✅Can tailor your plan to your needs with many customization options |  |


### Example costs


We obtained these quotes directly from the company’s website. Dog rates were calculated for a purebred Beagle with 80% reimbursement on veterinary bills, while cat rates were based on an indoor, mixed\-breed cat.


#### Surgery plan




|  | Dog | Cat |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 year old | €18\.43 per month | €14\.60 per month |
| 5 years old | €21\.09 per month | €16\.28 per month |


#### Plus plan




|  | Dog | Cat |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 year old | €59\.27 per month | €39\.86 per month |
| 5 years old | €59\.63 per month | €46\.20 per month |


### Our take on Feather


Feather stands out with its top\-rated service, earning [4\.8 out of 5](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/feather-insurance.com) on Trustpilot—making it the highest\-rated pet insurance in Germany.


One of Feather’s biggest strengths is its flexibility. 


You can tailor your plan to fit your needs, whether you want coverage for major surgeries only or a more comprehensive policy that includes preventive treatments like tick and flea repellents.


Feather also keeps things simple when it comes to commitment. After the first year, you can cancel anytime—no questions asked. 


And, if you enroll your pet before their 6th birthday, they’ll be covered for life—regardless of how much you claim.


In less than 2 minutes, all online and in English.

Sign up for pet insurance

**Disclaimer**


*Please note that this is our list, so our advice comes with some bias. However, with over seven years of experience, over 1,000 five\-star reviews, and a relentless passion for making insurance honest and simple, we believe we’ve earned a top spot for expats in Germany. That said, please take our claims with a healthy dose of skepticism.*


## Hepster: Recommended for affordability




| **Pros** | **Cons** |
| --- | --- |
| ✅Your pet is covered for accidents immediately. | ❌Coverage limits apply on most plans, which could impact your out\-of\-pocket costs |
| ✅Covers up to four times the GOT\-set rate | ❌Worldwide coverage is limited to 6\-months at most |
| ✅Most affordable surgery\-only plans in our rating | ❌[49% of reviews are 1\-star](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/hepster.com). |
|  | ❌Difficult to contact English\-speaking support |


### Example costs


We obtained these quotes directly from the company’s website. Dog rates were calculated for a purebred Beagle with 80% reimbursement on veterinary bills, while cat rates were based on an indoor, mixed\-breed cat.


#### Premium surgery\-only plan




|  | Dog | Cat |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 year old | €7\.42 per month | €9\.08 per month |
| 5 years old | €9\.83 per month | €9\.37 per month |


#### Premium medical treatment plan




|  | Dog | Cat |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 year old | €38\.84 per month | €15\.71 per month |
| 5 years old | €54\.14 per month | €18\.99 per month |


### Our take


Hepster keeps surgery coverage affordable, making it an excellent choice for pet owners looking to save on big medical bills.


We emphasize “big” bills because Hepster’s 20% deductible means you’ll typically cover a significant portion of smaller expenses out of pocket, making it less ideal for routine vet visits or minor treatments. 


However, for major procedures, the coverage can provide substantial savings.


While their plans come with some strict limits in the early years, they still offer substantial benefits relative to the cost.


If your primary concern is protecting yourself from expensive surgery bills without overspending, Hepster’s plans are worth considering.


The Premium plan offers the best value (in our opinion), but if you want an even lower rate, you can opt for the Base plan with a €250 deductible for extra savings.


**Disclaimer:**


*Hespter offers a range of plans, but not all are considered here. Coverage, pricing, and features may vary depending on individual circumstances, eligibility, and policy terms. We strongly encourage you to review the details of each plan carefully and consult with a qualified insurance broker to determine the best coverage for your specific needs. Visit Hespter’s website for more information.*


## Allianz: Recommended for older pets




| **Pros** | **Cons** |
| --- | --- |
| ✅[4\.1 out of 5](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.allianz.de) rating on trustpilot | ❌[48% of reviews are 1\-star](https://de.trustpilot.com/review/www.hansemerkur.de) |
| ✅Horses can be covered | ❌Difficult to contact English\-speaking support |
| ✅No age limits on cats \& dogs | ❌Coverage limits are restrictive on the lower\-tiered plans |


### Example costs


We obtained these quotes directly from the company’s website. Dog rates were calculated for a purebred Beagle with 80% reimbursement on veterinary bills, while cat rates were based on an indoor, mixed\-breed cat.


#### Base plan




|  | Dog | Cat |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 year old | €11\.14 per month | €7\.54 per month |
| 5 years old | €17\.27 per month | €7\.54 per month |


#### Base plan, with medical treatment add\-on




|  | Dog | Cat |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 year old | €41\.82 per month | 30\.14€ per month |
| 5 years old | €47\.95 per month | €25\.82 per month |


### Our take


Allianz stands out for its willingness to insure pets of any age, making it a great option for those with older animals—though it’s important to note that premiums increase significantly for senior pets.


Unlike many competitors, Allianz even offers horse coverage.


Most plans impose surgery limits—such as a €3,000 cap on the Base plan—but higher\-tier policies remove these restrictions, offering unlimited surgical coverage.


And while it’s a difficult topic, Allianz’s Premium plan covers euthanasia costs, ensuring pet owners won’t face financial stress during an already emotional time.


For even more comprehensive coverage, the **“full health insurance”** add\-on provides up to €2,000 for treatments without surgery, plus a €50 annual preventive care allowance—or €5,000 in treatment coverage and €100 in preventive care on higher\-end plans.


With flexible options and broad coverage, Allianz is a strong choice for pet owners—especially those looking for reliable protection for older pets.


**Disclaimer:**


*We focused on Allianz’s pet insurance plans because they stand out for their coverage options, especially for older pets. However, other insurers may offer similar benefits at different price points. Additionally, coverage limits, premiums, and terms may vary based on your pet’s breed, age, and location. We recommend reviewing Allianz’s official website or speaking with a representative for the most up\-to\-date details.*


## Methodology


We believe transparency is essential when evaluating insurance providers, so we want to share exactly how we compiled this list. 


Below is a detailed breakdown of our process:


### 1\. Identifying the contenders


Our process began with our insurance experts’ input. We contacted our internal team of insurance professionals to identify 20 insurance providers that met our initial selection criteria. 


These companies were chosen based on market reputation, coverage, and expertise.


### 2\. Gathering quotes and sample policies


We obtained quotes and sample policies from the 20 insurance providers to ensure an accurate and meaningful comparison. 


We analyzed around 40 different policies, considering multiple coverage tiers and options. 


This allowed us to assess budget\-friendly and comprehensive plans to ensure our list accommodates various needs and financial considerations.


### 3\. Analyzing the fine print


With the sample policies in hand, we conducted an in\-depth review of each plan’s details. Our analysis focused on key policy elements, including:


- **Price:** We compared the cost of policies across providers to determine which offered competitive pricing relative to their coverage.
- **Coverage details:** We examined what each policy covers.
- **Exclusions:** Just as important as what is covered is what is not. We carefully reviewed policy exclusions to understand the limitations of each plan.
- **Coverage limits:** We assessed the maximum payout amounts for different categories to identify potential gaps or restrictions.
- **Deductibles:** We looked at the out\-of\-pocket costs policyholders would need to pay before their coverage kicks in, as this can significantly impact the overall value of a plan.


### 4\. Evaluating customer satisfaction


To gain insight into real customer experiences, we analyzed reviews from Trustpilot as a proxy for customer satisfaction. 


While we acknowledge that online reviews often skew negative (since dissatisfied customers are more likely to leave feedback than satisfied ones), we considered recurring themes in the reviews to identify potential service strengths and weaknesses.


We recommend that readers explore additional review platforms such as **Google Reviews, Yelp, and industry\-specific consumer forums** for a more comprehensive perspective. The latest review analysis for this article was conducted on **March 10, 2025**.


### 5\. Assessing customer support responsiveness


Over three weeks, we contacted each company’s helpline **on 10 separate occasions**, calling at different times and on various days. Our primary goal was determining whether each company could connect us with an **English\-speaking representative**.


## Conclusion


Well, there you have it—our selection of what we believe are some of the best pet health insurance providers.


We’ve aimed to give you a well\-rounded overview, but the best insights often come from real customers.


We highly recommend checking out a provider’s online reviews to ensure the plan fits your pet’s needs, budget, and expectations. 


Even better, consult a dog insurance broker who can guide you toward the best option.


If you’re new to pet insurance, check out our guide to better understand [how dog \& cat insurance work in Germany](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/pet-insurance-germany-guide/).

Easy peace of mind for pets

Smooth claims

Perfect for expats in Germany

[BP] best pet insurance germany

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Best public health insurance in Germany: Our top 4

Finding Germany’s best public health insurance can be overwhelming, especially with the wide range of providers and contribution rates changing all the time. 


But, whether you’re an expat, a family, or simply looking for the most cost\-effective option, choosing the right provider can make all the difference.


Unlike private insurance, public health insurance (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung or GKV) is standardized by law, meaning core services remain the same across all providers. 


However, contribution rates, customer service, bonus programs, and additional benefits can vary.


To help you navigate your options, we’ve analyzed four of the best public health insurance providers in Germany\. We've also done a similar analysis on the [best short-term health insurance companies in Germany](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/best-short-term-health-insurance-germany), as well as the [best private insurance policies](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/best-private-health-insurance-germany).


We’ll break down their strengths, contribution rates, customer satisfaction, and unique perks to help you make an informed decision.


And, if you’re new to Germany, check out our guide to learn [how the German public healthcare system works](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/health-insurance-germany-guide/).


**Disclaimer:**


*This article is based on our independent analysis, but the “best” public health insurance for you depends on your individual needs. We recommend speaking with an insurance broker who can help you find a plan tailored to your situation.*


*Our rankings are determined using a specific methodology, which we encourage you to review to ensure it aligns with your priorities.*


*Insurance options, pricing, and reviews may change over time. The information in this article was last updated on March 10\.*


Alright, let’s jump right in.


## Our favorite public health insurance companies




| **Provider** | **Recommended for** | **Total contribution rate** | **Trustpilot rating** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Techniker Krankenkasse](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/tk) (TK) | English speakers | 17\.05% | [3\.9 out of 5](http://trustpilot.com/review/tk.de) |
| [DAK\-Gesundheit](https://feather-insurance.com/en-de/health-insurance/public/dak) | Bonus program | 17\.4% | [2\.6 out of 5](http://trustpilot.com/review/dakgesundheit.de) |
| [BARMER](https://feather-insurance.com/en-de/health-insurance/public/barmer) | Families | 17\.89% | [2\.7 out of 5](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/barmer.de) |
| BKK Firmus | Affordability | 16\.44% | [4\.1 out of 5](http://trustpilot.com/review/www.bkk-firmus.de) |


## Techniker Krankenkasse (TK): Recommended for English speakers


If you’re an English\-speaking expat or newcomer in Germany, [Techniker Krankenkasse (TK)](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/tk) is one of the best public health insurance options available. 


With nearly **11\.8 million insured members**, TK is the largest statutory insurance fund in Germany and continues to grow, averaging a 2\.38% yearly increase since 2015\.

Suggested: [What does TK cover?](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/what-does-tk-health-insurance-cover)

### How much does TK cost?


TK’s specific **contribution rate**  is **2\.45%**, bringing the total contribution to **17\.05%**. This marks a significant increase from previous years, with a **0\.8% jump**—the largest in their history.


To put this in perspective, if you’re **30 years old, single and employed**, you’ll pay:


- €219 per month if earning €24,000 per year
- €602 per month if earning €77,400 or more


Note: These figures exclude the employer’s contribution and reflect only your personal cost in this example. Use our [public health insurance cost calculator](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public) for more details.


### Why TK stands out for English speakers


One of TK’s biggest advantages is its **English\-language support**. 


They offer an **English app, website and hotline** (\+49 40 – 46 06 62 53 00\), making it easy to get assistance with any questions or paperwork.


Its app offers key features like:


- Chat support with agents
- Submitting documents \& personal updates
- Access to the TK Bonus Program (more on this below)
- TK\-Fit Integration, allowing you to sync Apple Health or many other fitness trackers to earn rewards


### TK bonus program: Up to €400 per year


TK offers an extensive rewards program where you can earn up to **€400 per year** for completing health\-related activities. 


Rewards can be used for:


- Acupuncture
- Sports equipment \& courses
- Dental treatments (e.g., crowns)
- And much more — check out the full details [here](https://www.tk.de/en/tk-services-benefits-/advantages-membership/tk-bonus-plan-2098044).


### Trustpilot rating


TK is rated [3\.9 out of 5](http://trustpilot.com/review/tk.de) stars on Trustpilot, based on 4,500\+ reviews. 56% gave 5 stars, while 29% gave them 1 star.


While the majority of members seem satisfied, some complaints exist, which is common for any large insurer.


### Our verdict on TK


TK is a top contender if you’re looking for a **reliable, English\-friendly** public health insurance provider in Germany. 


With its strong digital services, rewards program, and English\-speaking support, it’s an especially great choice for expats and first\-time German residents. 


However, the recent **price increase** is something to keep in mind.


[Sign up for TK](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/tk).


## DAK\-Gesundheit: Best bonus program


If you’re looking for **the most rewarding bonus program**, [DAK\-Gesundheit](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/dak) might be your best public health insurance provider\. 


While its membership has been **declining by 1\.14% per year** since 2015 (now at 5\.5 million insured members), it offers strong incentives for policyholders who prioritize health\-conscious living.


### How much does DAK cost?


DAK's **contribution rate is 2\.8%**, bringing the total to **17\.4%**—one of the **highest** among public insurers. 


However, DAK has kept its **contribution increase minimal** over the years, rising only 0\.1% (from 1\.7% to 1\.8%).


If you’re 30 years old, single and employeed, you can expect to pay around:


- €222 per month if earning €24,000 per year
- €612 per month if earning €77,400 or more


Note: These figures exclude the employer’s contribution and reflect only your personal cost in this example. Use our [public health insurance cost calculator](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public) for more details.


### Why DAK’s bonus program stands out


The biggest reason to consider DAK is its industry\-leading bonus program. 


It has even been rated **“**the best bonus program of all public health insurance companies**”** by [Focus Magazine](https://focus-magazin.de/).


DAK rewards members for living a healthy lifestyle through a points\-based system, where:


- 1 point \= €1 in cash rewards
- 1 point \= €1\.20 in subsidies for health services


Thesesubsidies can be used for:


- Fitness trackers
- New running shoes
- Glasses
- Osteopathy treatments
- And much more… See all the details [here](https://www.dak.de/dak/leistungen/bonusprogramme_36066).


In total, you can earn up to **€500 per year**—one of the highest bonuses among public health insurers.


### Trustpilot rating


DAK has a rating of [2\.6 out of 5 stars](http://trustpilot.com/review/dakgesundheit.de) on Trustpilot, based on 1,500 reviews:


- 25% gave 5 stars
- 68% gave 1 star


### Our verdict on DAK


If you actively take care of your health and want to maximize rewards, **DAK’s bonus program is one of the best**. However, its high contribution rate and lower customer satisfaction may be dealbreakers for some.


[Sign up for DAK](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/dak).


## BARMER: Recommended for families


As Germany’s second\-largest public health insurance provider, [BARMER](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/barmer) has maintained a stable membership base, with 8\.6 million insured members in 2024, only slightly up from 8\.55 million in 2015\.


While it has seen the highest contribution rate increase among major insurers, it remains a strong choice—particularly for families.


### How much does BARMER cost?


BARMER’s specific **contribution rate is 3\.29%**, bringing the total contribution to **17\.89%**—the highest in this review. Since 2015, its rate has increased by **1\.1%** (from 2\.19%).


If you’re 30 years old, single, and employed, the cost might look like this:


- €227 per month if earning €24,000 per year
- €625 per month if earning €77,400 or more


Note: These figures exclude the employer’s contribution and reflect only your personal cost in this example. Use our [public health insurance cost calculator](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public) for more details.


### Why BARMER stands out for families


BARMER is known for its family\-focused health initiatives, offering **special programs for children, parents, and mothers**. 


Our favorites are:


- **“I Can Cook!” \& “Family Kitchen”** – A program teaching kids (and the latter, parents) how to cook healthy meals and recognize nutritious ingredients.
- **Papilio** – A social\-emotional development program for 3 to 6 year olds, aimed at reducing behavioral problems and strengthening emotional skills.
- **GLÜCKSMAMA** – An 8\-week online course to help mothers strengthen their core and pelvic floor. BARMER members also get 12 months of free access to all courses and the GLÜCKSMAMA media library.


Additionally, BARMER is one of the most physically accessible insurers, with 360 branches in Germany, making in\-person consultations easy.



### Trustpilot rating



BARMER has a [2\.7 out of 5\-star](https://www.trustpilot.com/review/barmer.de) rating on Trustpilot, based on 2,000 reviews, with 39% of reviews being 5 stars, and 51% 1 star. 


This suggests mixed customer satisfaction, though its strong family\-oriented programs may make it worthwhile for parents.


### Our verdict on BARMER


BARMER is a solid option if you’re looking for public health insurance with family benefits. While its higher contribution rate and mixed customer feedback may be drawbacks, its family health programs, in\-person branch access, and wellness incentives make it an excellent choice for those with children.


[Sign up for BARMER](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/barmer).


## BKK Firmus: Recommended for affordability


If your priority is **affordable public health insurance**, BKK Firmus is a top choice. 


With high growth—expanding from 86,188 members in 2015 to 331,329 by the end of 2024 (16\.14% annual increase)—it has become a strong contender among Germany’s best public health insurance providers.


### How much does BKK Firmus cost?


BKK Firmus has the **lowest contribution rate** among all insurers in this review. 


Their specific contribution rate is **just 1\.84%**, bringing the total to 16\.44%.


While this is almost double their 2024 rate of 0\.90%, they remain the cheapest option.


So, let’s say you’re 30 years old, single, and employed, your cost would likely be:


- €212 per month if earning €24,000 per year
- €585 per month if earning €77,400 or more


Note: These figures exclude the employer’s contribution and reflect only your personal cost in this example. Use our [public health insurance cost calculator](https://feather-insurance.com/de-de/health-insurance/public) for more details.


BKK Firmus is particularly interesting for those close to the private health insurance income threshold (€77,400 per year). However, if you earn above this limit, you may want to consider [private insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/private), as it is often cheaper than public options.



One of the reasons BKK Firmus is so affordable is because their in\-person service is very limited, with physical offices only available in:



- Bremen
- Osnabrück
- Lengerich
- Melle
- Weißenborn
- Dissen


### Trustpilot rating


BKK Firmus has an impressive Trustpilot rating of [4\.1 out of 5](http://trustpilot.com/review/www.bkk-firmus.de) stars, based on 2,822 reviews:


- 78% gave 5 stars
- Only 14% gave 1 star


This makes it one of the best\-rated public health insurers in this review alongside TK.


### Our verdict on BKK Firmus


If you want the lowest\-cost public health insurance in Germany, BKK Firmus is the choice we recommend you make.


It’s desirable for those near or above the private insurance threshold but wish to remain in the public system.


However, its limited physical locations, lack of English support and modest bonus program may be drawbacks for some.


[Sign up for BKK Firmus](https://register.bkk-firmus.feather-insurance.com/).


## Methodology


To determine the best public health insurance companies in Germany, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive evaluation using the following method:


1. **Selection of providers**: We started by identifying the top public health insurers in Germany based on market size, industry reputation, and relevance for different customer segments (e.g., expats, families, cost\-conscious individuals).
2. **Contribution rate analysis**: Public health insurance rates fluctuate yearly, so we analyzed the contribution rates for each provider, including both the standard rate and any additional contribution percentages.
3. **Customer satisfaction and reviews**: We examined customer feedback on Trustpilot to gauge overall satisfaction. While online reviews can be biased, they provide useful insights into customer service, claim processing, and general experience.
4. **Added benefits and services**: Since core public health insurance services are standardized in Germany, we focused on differentiating factors such as:
	- English\-language support (especially for expats)
	- Digital tools (e.g., mobile app availability)
	- Bonus programs (e.g., fitness incentives)
	- Family and maternity support programs
5. **Accessibility and service quality**: To assess customer service, we analyzed the availability of English\-speaking support and the number of physical service locations across Germany. We also considered digital accessibility, including mobile app functionality and online customer portals.


This evaluation was last updated on **March 10**, and reflects the most recent contribution rates and customer feedback. However, since policies and pricing may change, we recommend verifying details with each insurer before deciding.


## Conclusion


Choosing the right public health insurance provider in Germany depends on your needs and priorities.


Here’s a quick recap:


- If you’re an **English\-speaking expat**, [Techniker Krankenkasse (TK)](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/tk) is a top choice due to its strong digital services and English\-language support.
- For those who prioritize **bonus rewards**, [DAK\-Gesundheit](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/dak) offers one of the most attractive incentive programs, though it has a higher contribution rate.
- **Families** may find [BARMER](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public/barmer) to be the best option due to its extensive health programs tailored for parents and children.
- If **keeping costs low** is your priority, [BKK Firmus](https://register.bkk-firmus.feather-insurance.com/) provides the most affordable public health insurance rate.

If you're still looking to compare your options, here's a [comparison of TK, AOK, and DAK](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/public-insurer-choose).

Regardless of your choice, all public health insurers in Germany provide comprehensive medical coverage. We recommend speaking with an insurance broker to find the best plan for your personal circumstances.


Still unsure about which provider fits your needs? [Contact our experts](https://feather-insurance.com/support) or read our [public health insurance guide](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/public-health-insurance-germany-guide/) for more details. 

Sign up for public health insurance

[BP] best public heath insurance germany

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What is the difference between inpatient and outpatient treatment?

Whether you’re visiting a doctor for a quick check\-up or spending a few nights in the hospital for surgery, medical care in Germany falls into one of two categories: inpatient or outpatient treatment.


But what is the difference between inpatient vs. outpatient treatment?


Inpatient care typically requires an overnight stay in the hospital, while outpatient care means you go home the same day. And which type of treatment you receive can affect where you go, how much you pay, and what your policy covers.


In this guide, you’ll learn:


- What inpatient and outpatient treatment means
- How they differ in terms of care and cost
- What each type of insurance plan typically covers
- The steps to take if you need either form of treatment


By the end, you’ll understand how the German healthcare system handles treatment and how to make sure you’re fully prepared, whether it’s a routine appointment or a major hospital stay.


Let’s get started.


## What is inpatient treatment?


[Inpatient treatment](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/hospitals-guide) refers to staying overnight in a hospital for medical care. This type of treatment is necessary when your condition is severe or requires ongoing monitoring. 


Common examples include:


- Surgeries
- Childbirth
- Emergency care after a heart attack or stroke
- Treatment for major illnesses or injuries


So, how does inpatient treatment work in Germany? 


Let’s say you need ligament reconstruction surgery. Here’s what the process would look like:


1. You’ll first have a few outpatient appointments for scans and evaluations.
2. The actual surgery takes place during your hospital stay.
3. While admitted, you’ll get post\-surgery monitoring and may start physical therapy.
4. After you are discharged, outpatient visits will continue to support your recovery.


The hospital you go to often depends on your health insurance:


- With [private health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/private), you can choose your hospital and even your doctor.
- With [public health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/health-insurance/public), you’ll typically go to the hospital that your doctor recommends.


When selecting a hospital, make sure:


- It has specialists for your condition
- It accepts your insurance (most accept public insurance, but not all)
- You bring the right documents:  

	- Insurance card
	- Doctor’s referral
	- Passport or ID


Upon arrival, nurses will guide you to your room and explain what to expect during your stay.


## What is outpatient treatment?


Outpatient treatment refers to any medical care that does not require an overnight stay. You attend your appointment, receive treatment, and return home on the same day. 


Outpatient care in Germany covers a wide range of medical services. Common examples include:


- Doctor’s visits
- Lab tests
- Physical therapy sessions
- Minor surgeries without overnight stay
- Checkups or visits for illness
- Dental care or psychotherapy sessions


General practitioners, specialists, dentists, and therapists all provide outpatient care. With public health insurance, specialists require a referral from your primary doctor, but with private health insurance, specialists don’t need a referral.


Just like with inpatient care, it’s important to choose a clinic or practice that:


- Offers the specific type of care you need
- Accepts your health insurance


## How much do inpatient and outpatient treatments cost?


Healthcare costs in Germany depend on the type of insurance you have. Here’s what to expect with public, private, and expat health insurance, along with examples of out\-of\-pocket costs.


### Public health insurance


If you are covered by public health insurance, most standard treatments, including inpatient and outpatient care, are fully covered. 


However, there are still some costs you may need to pay:


- **Inpatient treatment**: €10 per day, up to 28 days per calendar year.
- **Outpatient treatment**: Usually a €10 copayment per doctor visit or per prescription.
- **Optional services**: You pay the full price for extras like private rooms or choosing a specific doctor.


Aside from these, most necessary treatments are free at the point of care. However, coverage under public insurance can be limited, especially for services such as preventive or alternative treatments (e.g., chiropractic care without a GP referral). These are typically not covered and must be paid in full out of pocket.


**Tip**: Public insurance doesn’t automatically cover every treatment. Always check with your insurer beforehand to confirm coverage and costs.






### Private health insurance


Private insurance offers more flexibility, but coverage and reimbursement vary depending on your insurer and the specific plan you have. 


Here’s how it works:


- **Outpatient treatment**: You receive a bill after your appointment, pay it yourself, then submit the invoice to your insurer for reimbursement.  
  
Example: A visit to a chiropractor without a referral is reimbursed at **100% with Feather** (check this with other providers). However, some treatments, such as a dental bridge, may only be refunded at **70–90%**, depending on your policy.
- **Inpatient treatment**: You can either pay upfront and get reimbursed or have your insurer pay the hospital directly. Most plans cover inpatient stays at **100%**, including extras such as a private room or treatment by the head physician, if these are included in your policy.
- **Deductibles**: Some private plans require you to pay a deductible—a fixed amount before your insurance starts covering costs. At **Feather**, most plans come with **no deductible**, unless you request one from our team when you sign up.


**Tip**: Reimbursement rates vary by treatment and insurer. Ask your provider for a breakdown of what percentage of each treatment is covered.






### Expat health insurance


If you’re new to Germany, expat insurance is often a short\-term solution that functions similarly to private insurance. Here’s what to expect:


- **How it works**: You receive a bill from the doctor or hospital, pay it, and then request reimbursement from your insurer.
- **Deductible**: With **Feather’s expat insurance**, you pay a **€25 deductible per event**—whether inpatient or outpatient.
- **What’s covered**: These plans cover **accidents, emergencies, and new illnesses**. Most treatments are reimbursed at **100%**, with exceptions for:  

	- Pre\-existing conditions (not covered)
	- Some dental treatments
	- Psychological therapy
	- Maternity care


**Tip**: Expat insurance doesn’t distinguish much between inpatient or outpatient care; it’s more about the specific treatment type. Always confirm coverage in advance, especially for any care beyond basic or emergency services.

[BP] inpatient vs outpatient