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How to apply for a Belgian visa

Moving to Belgium is exciting, but applying for a visa can feel overwhelming if you’re navigating the process for the first time.

Belgium follows EU visa rules; however, processing times, requirements, and documents can vary depending on your specific situation, so it’s worth examining the details. 

> In this guide, you’ll learn:
> 
> * The main visa types for Belgium
> 
> * Step-by-step instructions on how to apply
> 
> * Which documents are required
> 
> * How long processing takes, and what delays to expect
> 
> * How Belgium’s process compares to other EU countries
> 
> * And our practical tips to avoid common mistakes

By the end, you’ll know exactly which visa path is right for you, and how to apply with confidence.

Here we go\!

## Choosing the right visa

The first step is determining which type of visa best suits your plans. Belgium has two main visa categories, and choosing the right one will save you stress later.

The first category is **short-stay Schengen visas (type C)**. These are for visits up to **90 days within a 180-day period**, typically used for tourists, short-term training courses, or conferences. 

If your passport is from a country with a **visa-free agreement** with the EU, you may not need this at all. The [EU’s official list of exempt countries](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/eu-visa-agreements-with-non-eu-countries/) is the most reliable way to verify.

On the other hand, if you’re relocating for more than 90 days, you’ll need a **long-stay national visa (type D)**.

The most common types are:

* **Work permits**: Usually tied to an employer or specific job. Regional authorities are responsible for the actual permit decision.

* **Study visas**: For enrolling at a Belgian university or a recognized program.

* **Family reunification visas**: To join a spouse, partner, or close family member who resides in Belgium.

Here, the Immigration Office manages the process at a federal level, but approval often depends on **regional authorities** for work-related cases.

## Application and eligibility requirements

Anyone can apply for a Belgian visa, provided they meet certain **basic requirements**. These apply across categories and ensure you’re legally and safely entering the country.

To be eligible, you’ll typically need to:

* Hold a **valid passport** (valid for at least 3 months beyond your stay).

* Show you don’t pose a **threat to public health or security.** 

* Demonstrate **financial stability** to support yourself during your stay.

Some groups benefit from **EU mobility rules**, which make things a bit easier:

* **Researchers** can move within the EU under a special directive.

* **Highly qualified workers** may be eligible for a **Blue Card**, which facilitates working and living in multiple EU countries.

Learn more about [how to get a blue card](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/blue-card-germany-guide/)**.**

Requirements aren’t identical everywhere. Your nationality, where you apply, and the type of visa can all affect what’s asked of you, so always **double-check with the Belgian embassy** in your country.

## Step 1: Complete the visa application form

Your first official step is to complete the visa application form through Belgium’s [**Visa On Web system**](https://visaonweb.diplomatie.be/), managed by the Belgian Immigration Office. This online portal is where most applicants start.

There are two ways you can apply:

* **Online application**: You create an account, fill in your details, and generate the application form. This is the standard method, ensuring your data is digitally stored.

* **Paper forms**: In rare cases, some embassies may still accept paper forms. Always check the website of the Belgian embassy or consulate where you’ll apply.

Ensure that every detail matches your supporting documents exactly, as even minor inconsistencies can lead to delays or rejection.

## Step 2: Prepare the required documents

You’ll need to compile a combination of **core documents** and **visa-specific documents**. Missing or incorrect paperwork is the most common cause of delays; therefore, it is essential to prepare carefully.

These **core documents** are almost always required:

* A **valid passport**

* **Recent passport photos** (35x45 mm)

* **Proof of accommodation** in Belgium (hotel booking, rental, or host letter). 

* [Belgian visa-compliant health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat).

Depending on your situation, you’ll also need **visa-specific documents**:

* **Work visa**: An employment contract and work authorization from the regional authority. 

* **Study visa**: Your enrollment certificate and proof of **sufficient funds** (Belgian authorities set a minimum yearly amount). 

* **Family reunification**: Official birth or marriage certificates, which must be legalized and, if necessary, translated. 

Documents such as marriage or birth certificates often require an apostille or legalization stamp to be recognized in Belgium. 

If they’re not in Dutch, French, German, or English, they may also need an official translation. This is a frequent cause of processing delays, so it’s worth addressing early on.

## Step 3: Book an appointment

Once you’ve collected all your documents, the next step is to book an appointment to submit them, along with your biometrics.

Generally, you’ll book your appointment with the Belgian embassy or consulate in your country of residence.

In some regions, Belgium collaborates with external service providers, such as [VFS Global](https://www.vfsglobal.com/en/individuals/index.html). If so, your application will go through their booking system.

**Appointment wait times can vary** a lot. In some countries, you might wait just a few days, whereas in others it could be weeks or even months. High-demand periods usually mean longer queues.

Book as early as possible, especially if you know you’ll need to travel on specific dates.

## Step 4: Attend your interview and provide biometric data

Your appointment isn’t just about handing in papers. You’ll also undergo **biometric data collection** and a brief interview.

During your appointment:

* **Fingerprints and a digital photo** are taken.

* You’ll have a **brief interview** about your travel purpose, accommodation, and how you plan to support yourself financially.

* Your data is stored in the EU’s **Visa Information System (VIS)**, allowing it to be used for future [Schengen visa applications](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/germany-schengen-visa-explained).

We recommend bringing both the **originals and copies** of all your documents, as embassies often keep copies and check originals on the spot.

Remember to stay calm and answer honestly. These interviews aren’t an interrogation, but rather a simple, practical formality. 

## Step 5: Pay the visa application fee

Every application comes with a fee, which varies depending on the type of visa you’re applying for.

Here’s a general overview of visa prices: 

* **Schengen visas (type C)**: Around **€80**, set by EU rules.

* **National visas (type D)**: Generally **€150–350**, depending on the category. Family reunification and work permits are typically on the higher end of the spectrum.

* Additionally, some **regional authorities** charge an administrative fee for processing work permits, which is in addition to the visa fee.

For the most current rates, the Belgian Foreign Affairs website keeps an **[updated fee list](https://dofi.ibz.be/en/themes/faq/visa-fees).**

Payment methods vary depending on the embassy or service provider, with cash, card, and bank transfer being the most common options. Always check before your appointment.

Importantly, fees are **non-refundable** even if your visa is refused.

## Step 6: Wait for processing and receive your visa

Processing times vary, but knowing the averages helps set realistic expectations.

Here’s how long processing generally takes:

* **Schengen visa (type C)**: about **15 calendar days** once your application is complete.

* **Long-stay visa (type D)**: often **several weeks to months**, depending on your case.

In some situations, delays may be due to: 

* **Background checks** (for security or health reasons)

* **Document legalization or translations** that aren’t finalized

* **Seasonal peaks**, like summer holidays or the start of the academic year

* **Incomplete applications** that require extra information

For **work and study visas**, the Belgian embassy may only begin processing **after regional authorities** **have granted preliminary approval**. This can add several weeks before your visa file even moves forward.

## Receiving your Belgian visa decision

When the decision comes through, there are two possible outcomes:

If approved:

* Your visa is **stamped into your passport**.

* For Schengen visas, the **90/180 rule** applies, and you can spend up to 90 days in Belgium (or other Schengen countries) within a 180-day window.

* For long-stay visas, you’ll enter Belgium with your visa then apply for a **residence permit** at the local **commune (town hall)** within 8 days of arrival.

If refused:

* You’ll receive a written explanation.

* You have the right to **appeal**, usually within 30 days. The Belgian Immigration Office website provides detailed [instructions on the appeal procedure](https://dofi.ibz.be/en/themes/faq/appeal/council-alien-law-litigation).

* You may also **reapply**, especially if the refusal was due to missing or incomplete documents. This is often quicker and easier than filing an appeal. 

Many refusals stem from simple errors or inadequate documentation. **Avoid common mistakes**, such as submitting incomplete forms, providing weak financial proof, or applying too close to your travel date.

## Conclusion

Whether you’re moving to Belgium for work, study, family reunification, or simply planning an extended stay, knowing which visa you need and how to apply makes all the difference.

Whilst Belgium’s procedures are similar in scope to countries like Germany or France, timelines and paperwork are slightly different, so it’s important to rely on accurate, official sources. 

Preparing early makes the process as easy as possible, and allows you to focus on making the most of your move to Belgium\!

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### Did you get your visa and are you thinking of moving to Brussels?

You're lucky! [Commissioner Brussels](https://www.commissioner.brussels/i-am-an-expat/just-arrived/) is there to guide arriving expats, and they do so for free. 
Click on the link to check the 10 steps you need to complete once you have arrived in Brussels.

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Belgium's visa requirements explained

Moving to Belgium, or simply visiting? You’ll likely need to apply for a Belgian visa.

With different types of visas and required documents, applications can quickly feel overwhelming. The good news is that everything becomes much more manageable once you know what to expect.

That’s why we’re here to walk you through what’s required and how to prepare. 

Belgium follows the general Schengen framework, but has additional specific and unique requirements for financial proof and the legalization of documents. 

That’s why preparing early is key. 

> In this guide, you’ll learn:
> 
> * Who needs a Belgian visa  
>  
> * The difference between short-stay (type C) and long-stay (type D) applications
> 
> * The essential documents required for every application
> 
> * Special rules for minors and family applicants
> 
> * Translation, legalization, and financial requirements unique to Belgium
> 
> * And how to avoid common pitfalls and mistakes 

By the end, you’ll have a clear checklist of what to prepare and the confidence to submit a complete, compliant Belgian visa application.

## Who needs a visa to enter Belgium?

Before jumping straight into your visa application, it’s worth taking the time to figure out whether or not you need a visa at all. 

If you’re an **EU/EEA or Swiss citizen,** you don’t need a visa to enter, live, or work in Belgium. 

**All non-EU nationals** are subject to Schengen rules. Many countries, including the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and Japan, offer visa-free entry for up to 90 days. 

You can find the full list of visa-free countries on the [European Union’s website](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/eu-visa-agreements-with-non-eu-countries/). 

If your country of residence is outside the EU and not included in this list, you’ll need to apply for a **Schengen** **short-stay visa (type C)**. 

If you plan on **moving to Belgium long-term**, you’ll need to apply for a **long-stay national visa (type D)**, no matter where you’re travelling from. 

## **Applying for a visa in Belgium** 

Belgium offers two broad types of visas, depending on the length and purpose of your stay. 

**Schengen short-stay visas (type C)** are for travellers staying in Belgium (or any other Schengen country) for 90 days or less within a 180-day period. 

These are best for tourism, family visits, or short business trips.

**Long-stay national visas (type D)** are issued to individuals planning to stay in Belgium for more than 90 days. This is the first step towards obtaining a residence permit, which is ideal if you’re looking to work, study, or settle long-term. 

**Where you apply** for your visa depends on where you’ll spend the most time during your travels:

* If Belgium is your **main destination** (i.e., where you’ll spend most time), apply at a Belgian embassy or consulate.

* If Belgium is only your **first entry point**, but you’ll spend more time elsewhere, apply in the consulate of the country where you plan to spend the most time.

## **Required documents for a Belgium visa**

Generally, Belgium adheres to the standard Schengen rules. However, there are some slight differences you should be aware of. 

Here’s a closer look at the key documents you’ll need.

* **Visa application form:** You can download this from Belgium’s [**Visa On Web system**](https://visaonweb.diplomatie.be/), managed by the Belgian Immigration Office. This online portal is where most applicants start.  
* **Passport**: Must be issued within the past 10 years and remain valid for at least 3 months after your planned departure date. You’ll also need two blank pages for the visa to be placed in.   
* **Passport-quality colour photos**: 35x45mm in size, on a plain white/grey background, and with a neutral facial expression.   
* **Proof of accommodation**: Hotel reservations, rental contracts, or a formal invitation (“Annexe 3bis”) from a Belgian host.  
* [**Visa-compliant Belgian health insurance**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat): Must include at least €30,000 in medical costs and repatriation across all Schengen countries.   
* **Proof of funds**: Bank statements, travellers' cheques, or sponsorship letters. Belgium requires proof of €95 per day if staying in a hotel, or €45 per day if staying with family or friends. 

If you’re staying with friends or family, your **invitation letter** must clearly specify the purpose, duration, and nature of your relationship. For long stays, notarization or legalization may be required at the local commune.

It’s also worth noting that Belgium maintains **higher financial benchmarks** than most other Schengen countries, so make sure to bring strong financial documents to avoid any unnecessary delays. 

## **Additional supporting documents** 

Beyond the core requirements, consular staff may request additional paperwork depending on your specific situation.

If you fall into any of the following categories, you’ll need to provide additional documentation:

* **Employed**: Recent payslips (last 3 months), a copy of your employment contract, and a signed “no-objection letter” from your employer confirming your position, salary, and leave dates.  
* **Self-employed**: Proof of company registration or business license, recent tax returns, and bank statements tied to the business account.   
* **Students**: Certificate of enrolment and a confirmation of approved absence from studies.  
* **Researchers**: A “hosting agreement” signed by a recognized research institution. This is mandatory for academic stays in Belgium.  
* **Visiting family in Belgium**: Proof of relationship (birth or marriage certificates) and a copy of the host’s Belgian residence permit or ID card.

Belgium tends to request more detailed information than other Schengen states, so it’s always best to over-prepare with detailed proof to minimize the risk of delays.

## **Long-stay (type D) visa requirements**

A Belgian type D visa is the gateway to living, working, or studying in Belgium for more than 90 days.

Application requirements for these types of visa go **beyond the basic Schengen paperwork** covered in the sections above. 

You’ll likely be asked to provide

* A **medical certificate** issued by a doctor approved by the Belgian embassy or consulate. Most embassies publish a list of accredited doctors on their websites.  
* A **criminal record extract** covering the last 12 months. This document must be legalized or apostilled, then translated into Dutch, French, or German if it is issued in another language.  
* **Civil status documents,** such as birth and marriage certificates. These are especially relevant if you’re joining family in Belgium, and must be legalised and translated into an official language.   
* **Work permits or professional cards** are required if you plan to work in Belgium. These are typically arranged by the employer or regional authorities prior to the visa being granted.  

Depending on the purpose of your visit, Belgian institutions may also request **language proof.** 

Universities often require test scores in Dutch, French, or English, while employers in Flanders or Wallonia may expect evidence of local language skills. 

Requirements vary, so it’s best to check the specifics with your local Belgian embassy or consulate. 

## **Visa requirements for minors**

The Belgian visa application process for children involves additional paperwork to ensure they are adequately protected. Parents should prepare carefully, since consulates enforce these rules strictly.

You’ll need to prepare the following documents

* A **notarized parental consent form**, signed by both parents.  If only one parent has custody, official proof (like a custody judgment) is required.  
* The child’s **birth certificate.** In many cases, the document also requires legalization or an apostille to confirm authenticity. It will also need an official translation, if not in a Belgian language.   
* Proof of the **parents’ or guardian’s identity and legal status** (passports, copies of residence permits, or proof of address if living abroad). 

In short, the Belgian process for minors focuses on consent, proof of family ties, and verified guardianship.

These extra steps can take weeks to process, so it’s always a good idea for parents to check the embassy’s instructions early

## **Biometric data**

Almost all applicants will be asked to provide biometric data (fingerprints and a digital photo) as part of the application process.

This is usually done on-site and takes only a few minutes.

Some individuals, such as certain government officials or children under the age of 6, may be exempt from providing fingerprints. 

## **Visa fees**

No matter which type of visa you’re applying for, you’ll have to pay a fee.

**Schengen short-stay visas** cost €80 for adults, €40 for children aged 6-12, and are free for children under 6\.

**Long-stay national visas** are typically more expensive, generally ranging from €150 to € 350, depending on the category.

To check the most up-to-date information, the Belgian Foreign Affairs website keeps an [updated fee list](https://dofi.ibz.be/en/themes/faq/visa-fees).

It’s also important to note that visa fees are **non-refundable**, even if your application is denied, no matter the reason. 

With that in mind, it’s always a good idea to double-check everything before applying for the first time. 

## **Legalization, translation, and document authenticity**

When applying for a Belgian visa, consulates place heavy emphasis on document authenticity. Delays are common when it comes to legalisation and translation issues, so it’s worth preparing early.

For long-stay visas, civil status and official records (such as birth, marriage, or criminal record certificates) typically require **legalization or apostille**.

Legalization confirms the document is genuine in the issuing country, while an apostille is a simplified process under the Hague Convention. Belgium accepts either, depending on your country of origin. 

In addition, documents in any language other than Dutch, French, or German often need to be translated by a sworn translator. 

For academic or professional visas, English is often accepted, but this depends on the specific authority or institution.

It’s important to note that each Belgian embassy applies these rules slightly differently. 

That’s why it’s crucial that you follow your **local** **consulate’s own checklist**, not just general Schengen advice. Checking early helps avoid last-minute notarization or translation issues.

## **Frequently asked questions**

### **Do I need a visa if I have a residence permit from another EU country?**

If you already hold a valid **residence permit from another EU/Schengen country**, you can visit Belgium for up to **90 days within a 180-day period** without applying for a new visa. 

However, your permit doesn’t grant you the right to **work or live in Belgium on a long-term basis**. For that, you’ll need a Belgian national visa or residence permit. 

### **What if my passport has less than three months' validity?**

If your passport is expiring soon, the best solution would be to **renew it before applying** for your Belgian visa. 

Consular staff can be strict here, and it’s quicker and easier to renew your passport than to reapply and go through the entire visa process again.

### **Can I provide a sponsor’s bank statements instead of my own?**

Yes, Belgium allows **financial sponsorship**. Parents can sponsor students, or a Belgian host can take financial responsibility for a guest. 

In these cases, the sponsor must provide:

* Their **bank statements**

* Proof of the relationship (family link, legal hosting arrangement)

* A notarized **“engagement de prise en charge”** (commitment of financial responsibility)

### **Are digital flight and hotel reservations accepted?**

Belgian consulates generally accept **flight itineraries and hotel bookings** even if they’re unpaid, as long as they’re **verifiable**. 

To be safe, stick with reputable airlines and hotels, and avoid “placeholder” bookings from unreliable websites.

### **What if I overstay in Belgium or Schengen?**

Overstaying your visa in Belgium (or any other country in the Schengen area) can lead to serious consequences.

**Possible penalties** include:

* **Fines** imposed by local authorities

* **Entry bans** into Belgium and other Schengen countries

* **Visa refusals** in future applications (since consulates always check past compliance)

The Belgian Immigration Office and the European Commission both warn that **repeated overstays or longer violations** can trigger harsher penalties.

If you realize you’ve overstayed, it’s best to contact local authorities rather than simply leaving without explanation.

### **How long does it take to process a Belgian visa?**

Most Belgian short-stay visa applications are processed within **15 calendar days**, but may take up to **60** **days** in complex cases, such as those involving security checks or family reunification.

Long-stay national visas generally take longer, depending on the purpose of your visit. To be safe, authorities strongly recommend applying **within 6 months** of your planned trip.

Planning ahead not only avoids stress but also leaves time to address any issues that may arise if additional documents are requested.

## **Conclusion**

Belgium’s visa rules can feel tricky, especially when they differ from broader Schengen policies.

Whilst some requirements do warrant special attention, the application process as a whole becomes much more manageable if you take things step by step.

If you’re ever in doubt, the first point of call is always your local embassy or consulate. Small differences do exist between consulates so reaching out is definitely worthwhile.

And remember to start planning early…

Having all your documents and forms ready ahead of time makes the process a whole lot smoother, allowing you to focus on other things, such as planning your trip to Belgium.

Belgium's Visa Requirements Explained

International student visiting a university in Belgium 

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How to study in Belgium, for international students

## Why Belgium is a great place to study

Belgium is a small but central country in Europe, making it an ideal base for students who want to combine academic opportunities with easy travel across the continent. Its universities consistently rank among Europe’s best, offering a wide range of English-taught programs alongside courses in Dutch, French, and German. Compared to neighbors like the Netherlands or France, Belgium also offers relatively affordable tuition fees.

Some of the most popular universities for international students include:

- [**KU Leuven**](https://www.kuleuven.be/english/prospective-students) – consistently ranked among the top 100 universities worldwide
- [**Ghent University**](https://www.ugent.be/en/administration/welcome) – strong in life sciences and engineering
- [**Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)**](https://www.uclouvain.be/en/enrolment/bienvenue-aux-etudiants-internationaux) – home to the prestigious CEMS Master in International Management
- [**Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)**](https://www.ulb.be/en/enrolment/useful-information-for-foreign-students) – research-focused, with strong international networks
- [**Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)**](https://www.vub.be/en/studying-vub/everyone-is-welcome-vub/international-collaboration) – known for its liberal values and diverse student body

## Visa and admission requirements for studying in Belgium

### Visa and residence permit requirements

- **EU/EEA students**: You do not need a visa to study in Belgium, but you must register with your local commune (town hall) within 8 days of arrival.
- **Non-EU/EEA students**: You usually need to apply for a **long-stay student visa (D visa)** at the Belgian consulate in your home country. Once in Belgium, you must register with the commune to obtain your residence permit.
- Link to all official regulations and requirements: [Immigration Office Belgium](https://diplomatie.belgium.be/en/travel-belgium/visa-belgium)

### Admission and application process

Admission requirements vary by university and program. Proof of language proficiency in **English, Dutch, French, or German** may be required, depending on the course.

Applications should be started early, ideally **6–9 months before your intended start date**. Universities usually require you to secure admission before applying for a student visa. Deadlines differ, so always check directly with your chosen institution.

## Health insurance in Belgium for students (EU & non-EU)

### EU/EEA students

If you are from the EU or EEA, you can use your **European Health Insurance Card (EHIC)** to access healthcare in Belgium. Still, most students are expected to register with a Belgian health insurance fund (mutuelle/ziekenfonds) once they settle in.

### Non-EU/EEA students

For non-EU/EEA students, private health insurance is **mandatory when applying for a student visa**. This covers you from your arrival in Belgium until you can register with the public system. You can join a mutuelle once you either:

- receive your residence permit from the local commune, **or**
- present your official enrollment certificate from your Belgian university.

As a student, the Belgian public health insurance will cost your approximately €33/month.
For a step-by-step guide, see our blog post on [how to enroll in public health insurance in Belgium](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/public-health-insurance-belgium).
To sign up directly for public health insurance, [click here](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/public).

### Why keep private insurance?

Even after joining a mutuelle, many students keep private coverage. Reasons include:

- **Full payback**: mutuelles usually reimburse only part of medical costs.
- **Extra benefits**: private insurance can cover dental care, optical care, or other services not included in the basic public package.

## Housing and transport for students in Belgium

### Housing options

Most students in Belgium choose between:

- **Student housing (kots or dorms):** Affordable, often located near campus, and a good way to meet other students. Many universities list available kots on their official websites, and dedicated platforms like [student.kotweb.be](https://studentkotweb.be/en) (Antwerp) provide vetted options.
- **Private rentals:** More flexibility and independence, but usually more expensive. The largest housing platform is [**Immoweb**](https://www.immoweb.be/en), where you’ll find most official listings. In practice, many students also join **local Facebook groups** where rooms and apartments are posted regularly.

### Getting around: public transport

Belgium has a reliable and extensive public transport network, but the operator depends on the region you live in:

- **STIB/MIVB (Brussels):** Students aged **18–24 who are registered residents in Brussels** can get an annual pass for just **€12**.
- **TEC (Wallonia):** Offers the same scheme — €12 per year for students aged 18–24, valid across the entire TEC network.
- **De Lijn (Flanders):** Student discounts depend on agreements with each university, so prices vary. Check with your institution for the exact rate.
- **SNCB/NMBS (national trains):** Students can also benefit from discounted train tickets, which are useful for intercity travel.

## Opening a bank account and working in Belgium as a student

### Opening a bank account

To open a bank account in Belgium, you must demonstrate that you can **legally reside in the country** and provide **proof of residence** (for example, a lease contract or official registration document). Major banks such as **KBC, BNP Paribas Fortis, Belfius, and ING** offer student accounts with low or no fees once these requirements are met.

### Neobank alternatives (Revolut, N26)

Digital-first banks like **Revolut** and **N26** follow the same rule: you need to show that you legally reside in Belgium and verify your address before your account is fully activated. This means most students can only complete setup once they have a Belgian residence certificate or housing contract.

### Working while studying

- **EU/EEA students:** free to work without restrictions.
- **Non-EU/EEA students:** allowed to work up to **20 hours per week** during term, with a student work permit; full-time work permitted in official holidays.

## Staying in Belgium after your studies

### Job-search year

Belgium gives international graduates the option to stay and look for work. Non-EU/EEA students can apply for a **12-month “search year” residence permit** after finishing their degree. This permit allows you to live in Belgium while searching for a job or preparing to start your own business.

### Transitioning to work

If you find employment during your search year, you can switch to a **single permit** (combined residence and work permit). Belgian employers are generally familiar with this process, but it’s best to start applications early, as paperwork can take several months.

### Career support

Universities often provide **career services and alumni networks** to help students connect with Belgian companies. Major job sectors for international graduates include IT, engineering, research, and EU-related institutions in Brussels.

## Conclusion

Studying in Belgium combines high-quality education, affordable living, and the chance to experience a truly multicultural environment. With the right preparation — from securing your visa and health insurance to finding housing and setting up your finances — your move can be smooth and stress-free.

Find out more about your health insurance options.

Coming to Belgium to study?

### Moving to Brussels?

You're lucky! [Commissioner Brussels](https://www.commissioner.brussels/i-am-an-expat/just-arrived/) is there to guide arriving expats, and they do so for free. 
Click on the link to check the 10 steps you need to complete once you have arrived in Brussels.

The registration and cancellation was incredibly easy

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Feather is the easiest platform to understand

[BP] Coming to study in Belgium

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Life insurance in Belgium (assurance vie/levensverzekering)

When you move to Belgium and start planning your family’s financial future, one question eventually comes up:

**Should you get life insurance?** 

For many people, it feels complicated, full of jargon, and easy to postpone.

But wait. 

There’s good news:

With the right guidance, [life insurance in Belgium](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/life-insurance) can become a straightforward way to protect your loved ones and even grow your savings for the future. 

It doesn’t have to be overwhelming or expensive.

The truth is that whether you’re a parent, a homeowner, or an expat navigating Belgian bureaucracy, understanding your options now can make a world of difference later.

> In this post, you’ll learn:  
> - What life insurance in Belgium is and who needs it  
> - How policies actually work and what they cover  
> - The main types of contracts (and which one fits you)  
> - How much coverage you should get

Let’s get started.

## What is Belgian life insurance?

In Belgium, life insurance is known as **“assurance vie”** in French and **“levensverzekering”** in Dutch. 

At its core, it is a contract between an individual and an insurance company, where the insurance company promises to pay a predetermined amount in the event of the policyholder’s death to their chosen beneficiaries.

The primary goal is to either provide **financial protection** for loved ones or serve as a **savings tool** for the future.

With [$831 billion](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/life-insurance-statistics) paid out to beneficiaries in 2023, life insurance is one of the most popular insurance products worldwide. 

All life insurance products in Belgium are supervised by the [Financial Services and Markets Authority](https://www.fsma.be/en) (FSMA)

## Who needs life insurance in Belgium?

Life insurance in Belgium is not a requirement for anyone.

But it can be a powerful tool for most households.

The decision depends on your personal circumstances, financial responsibilities, and long-term goals, but here’s a general overview of who tends to benefit the most:

### Families with children

Parents often benefit from life insurance because it provides financial security for everyday living expenses, school fees, and even future savings for their children.

It ensures that children are financially supported in the event of a parent’s passing.  

### Homeowners

Owning property comes with long-term debt. A life insurance payout can protect dependents by covering mortgage installments or outstanding loans.  

### Caregivers and care-receivers

Those providing care for relatives can guarantee uninterrupted support through a policy. 

On the other hand, older adults sometimes use life insurance as a final gesture to financially express their gratitude to their caregivers.  

### High-net-worth families

Large estates may face heavy taxes. 

Life insurance can help offset these costs, allowing heirs to inherit a larger portion of the family’s wealth.  

### Business owners

Companies that rely on specific individuals may use “key person insurance” to protect operations if a vital employee or partner passes away.  

### Married retirees

Pensioners can use life insurance to replace lost pension income, providing surviving spouses with greater financial stability.  

### Who might not need life insurance?

Not every situation calls for a policy. 

Single individuals without dependents typically don’t need coverage. Similarly, if a partner has a strong income and is financially prepared to support the household, life insurance may not be essential.

## How does life insurance work in Belgium?

1. **Choosing a policy:** Life insurance always starts with signing a contract with an insurer. You’ll get to choose the coverage amount (the sum paid out upon death) and name the beneficiaries who will receive the funds.  
2. **Paying premiums:** To keep the plan active, the insured must pay premiums regularly. Costs vary depending on coverage and risk factors (age, health, etc.).  
3. **The insured event**: If the insured person passes away while the contract is valid, the insurance company activates the policy guarantee.  
4. **Payout:** The insurer then transfers the agreed payout directly to the designated beneficiaries. These are often close family members, dependents, or any individuals named in the contract.  
5. **How the payout can be used:** The lump sum provides financial protection and can be used in many ways:  
   a. Covering daily living expenses and maintaining household stability  
   b. Supporting dependents such as children or a spouse  
   c. Repaying outstanding loans or mortgages  
   d. Handling immediate costs like funeral expenses  
   e. Ensuring both short-term and long-term financial security  
6. **Taxes:** In Belgium, life insurance is subject to a specific tax framework that interacts with inheritance rules. Whether the payout is included in the deceased’s estate for succession tax purposes depends on several factors (who owns the policy, who is designated as beneficiary, which region (Flanders, Brussels, Wallonia) the deceased lived in, etc.). But, generally, life insurance can reduce inheritance taxation.

## What type of life insurance is right for you?

Life insurance in Belgium usually comes in two main forms. Each works differently and is better suited to different needs. 

Let’s take a closer look at them:

### Pure risk, or term life insurance

Pure risk policies are protection-only. This means:

* They pay out only if the insured person dies during the agreed period.

* If you outlive the contract, there’s no payout.

A common use case is when you take out a **mortgage loan**. Banks often require borrowers to get this type of policy. 

That way, if something happens to you, your family won’t be left with debt; the loan will be paid off.

### Mixed, savings-linked products

These policies combine protection against death with savings or investments. You stay insured, but there’s also a payout even if you survive the policy term. 

Depending on the contract, the money can act as:

* A form of retirement income

* A way to leave an inheritance

* An investment in financial markets

For example, you pay monthly premiums into a mixed policy for 30 years. If you live until the end, you get a lump sum that can help top up your pension. If you die earlier, your family receives a payout.

### How to choose the right type for you

The right type depends on your goals. If you primarily want to protect loved ones against debt, term life insurance is often the simplest and most cost-effective option. If you also want to build savings or plan for inheritance, mixed products may be a better fit (though they’re more expensive).

Choosing between the (many) types of life insurance is easier if you use a few simple rules of thumb:

#### 1\. Focus on protection first

Ask yourself: *What financial risk do I want to cover?*

If you have a mortgage or dependents, term life is usually enough. It’s more affordable and straightforward, providing you with greater coverage for less money.

#### 2\. Consider savings only if it fits your plan

Mixed products combine insurance with investments, but they come with higher costs and complexity.

* They may make sense if you have already maxed out simpler savings options (like pension savings or ETFs).

* They can also help with inheritance planning, since payouts can go directly to your heirs.

Always compare the returns and fees with what you’d get by investing separately. Sometimes, separating insurance and investments is more efficient.

#### 3\. Adapt to life stages

* **Young families**: pure risk is usually the priority. You want to protect against debt and provide for kids.

* **Mid-career**: if your finances are stable, adding a mixed product can help you grow savings while staying insured.

* **Retirement planning**: Consider mixed products with guaranteed payouts as a supplement to your pension.

## How to get life insurance in Belgium

Before applying, it is essential to determine the exact amount of coverage you require. Consider immediate costs, such as funeral expenses, outstanding medical bills, or potential taxes (more on that later). 

You should also factor in long-term obligations, such as paying off loans, covering tuition fees, or supporting a spouse’s retirement.

You can get life insurance by:

* Applying online  
* Applying by phone  
* Applying in person at a local branch. 

During the process, you will need to provide:

* Identification documents  
* Recent bank details  
* Name your insurance beneficiaries. 

Insurers will also ask questions about your personal situation, including your health, family, lifestyle, and any existing debts or mortgages.

If you decide to purchase life insurance online in Belgium, follow these steps:

1. **Compare providers:** Research life insurance companies to find the one that best fits your needs and budget.    
2. **Complete the questionnaire:** Answer questions about your health, smoking habits, job, and lifestyle.   
3. **Set your insured sum:** Determine how much money your dependents would need in the event of your death, taking into account existing debts and future expenses.    
4. **Choose the policy length:** Select how long the contract should last. This usually depends on your children’s age, upcoming education costs, or existing loans. Most policies run for 10 to 30 years.  

By carefully preparing and comparing options, you can secure life insurance in Belgium that provides peace of mind and lasting protection for your loved ones.

## How much does life insurance in Belgium cost?

Life insurance premiums aren’t random. They’re calculated based on personal risk and the policy you choose. Here are the main drivers:

* **Age**: Younger applicants usually pay less because their risk of death is statistically lower.

* **Health**: Insurers consider pre-existing conditions, family history, and overall health. Chronic illnesses can increase premiums.

* **Smoking**: Smoking is one of the biggest cost multipliers. Smokers in Belgium can pay double or more than non-smokers.

* **Policy type**: term life covers a set period (e.g., 20 years) and is cheaper. Whole life adds a savings element, which makes it significantly more expensive.

* **Coverage amount and contract length**: the higher the payout and the longer the contract, the higher the monthly premium.

Numbers always make things clearer. 

Here’s how different profiles might play out:

* A **30-year-old non-smoker** buying a €200,000 term life policy could pay around €12 per month.

* A **50-year-old smoker** seeking the same coverage would pay ten times that amount.

* For whole life insurance, premiums can be **5 to 10 times higher** than those for term life.

### How to save on costs as an expat

Here are strategies you can actually use to get lower premiums:

* **Start early**: the younger you are when you apply, the lower your locked-in premium will be.

* **Choose term life insurance**, especially if you’re not sure how long you’ll stay in Belgium. A 15–20 year term can cover your working years and mortgage without overcommitting.

* **Compare local and international providers**: Some expats find Belgian insurers more cost-effective, while others prefer international companies that offer portability in case of relocation again.

* **Adjust coverage to your needs**: do you need €500,000 in coverage, or would €200,000 be enough to clear debts and provide support? Right-sizing saves money.

## How much death benefit do you need?

Let’s break it down with some simple rules and practical examples.

A quick way to estimate your coverage is to multiply your annual income by 5 to 10\. 

**For example**, if you earn €50,000 per year, that’s between €250,000 and €500,000 in coverage. This rule ensures your family can maintain their lifestyle if you were no longer around.

But rules of thumb only go so far. A more tailored approach is to add up the major costs your family would face without you:

* Outstanding debts like mortgages, car loans, or personal loans

* Children’s education expenses, from private school tuition in Belgium to university abroad

* Daily living costs (rent, groceries, healthcare, transport) for at least 5 to 10 years

Belgium’s social security system does provide survivors’ benefits, but they rarely cover everything. A surviving spouse may receive a pension, but it typically replaces only a fraction of the household income. 

If you’ve built your life around two incomes, that shortfall can be significant.

Here are some more factors you should consider as an expat:

* **Where would your family live?** If your spouse and children were to return to your home country, the costs may look very different from those in Belgium. For instance, international school fees in Belgium can be high, while healthcare abroad might be much more expensive.

* **Currency and cost differences.** Coverage that looks sufficient in euros may fall short in your home country if exchange rates or living standards differ.

* **Residency status.** Some expats move frequently. If you expect to leave Belgium within a few years, think about portability—will your life insurance still cover your family if you relocate? 

Tailor your policy to the most likely scenario, not just your current situation.

## Are life insurance payouts taxed in Belgium?

When you’re choosing life insurance, taxes aren’t always the first thing on your mind, but they can make a big difference in what your family actually receives. 

Good news first: the death benefit your beneficiaries receive is **not taxed as income** in Belgium. So, if your policy pays €300,000, your family won’t see that treated like a salary.

But there’s a catch: **inheritance tax**. 

This depends on two factors:

* **Where you live** (Brussels, Flanders, or Wallonia all apply different rates)

* **Who receives the money** (close family members pay less than distant relatives or unrelated beneficiaries)

For example, a spouse or child usually pays much lower rates than a cousin.

If you’re not sure where your heirs would stand on the “taxability” front, ask your insurer, broker or financial advisor for a quick inheritance tax simulation. It helps avoid surprises.

### Savings-linked policies

If you cash in (redeem) the “savings” portion of your policy during your lifetime, the payout may be taxed. The tax rate depends on how long you’ve held the contract and the type of earnings component (such as funds or guaranteed interest).

### Can life insurance premiums be deducted from taxes?

Certain life insurance contracts qualify for **long-term savings tax deductions**. That means part of your yearly premiums can reduce your taxable income, lowering your tax bill today.

But not all policies qualify. This is something to check upfront with your insurer before signing, so you don’t assume you’ll get a deduction without checking.

## Alternatives to life insurance for foreigners in Belgium

Life insurance isn’t the only way to protect your family financially. Depending on your goals, several alternatives may offer partial or complementary protection. The key is knowing what each option does well (and where it falls short), so you can choose the right mix for your situation.

### Savings and investments

Savings and investments are the most straightforward safety net. 

Here’s how they stack up in Belgium:

* **Savings accounts**: Low-risk and accessible, but limited growth due to low interest rates.

* **Investment funds**: Potentially higher returns, but also higher risk.

* **Pension savings (Pillar II and III)**: Employer-sponsored or individual plans that help build wealth over time, with tax advantages.

If your goal is to build long-term wealth while using Belgium’s pension tax perks, savings and investments are a smart move. Just keep in mind that, unlike life insurance, they don’t provide instant protection. It can take years before your savings reach the level of a life insurance payout.

### Group insurance

Many companies, unions, and professional associations in Belgium offer group insurance as part of their benefits packages. These policies provide a built-in death benefit at no extra cost to you.

Before buying a separate policy, always ask your HR department, union rep, or point of contact:

* Do you offer discounted term life insurance policies?

* How much would it pay out to my family?

* Does coverage remain valid if I leave the company/union/association?

### Credit balance insurance

If you buy property in Belgium, your bank will likely require **credit balance insurance**. This policy clears your mortgage if you die before paying it off. That means your family can stay in the home without worrying about loan repayments.

Note: it only covers the outstanding mortgage balance. 

It won’t help with daily expenses, school fees, or future financial goals. Still, these policies are generally the most affordable way to ensure your family can keep living in your home in the event of your passing.

### Disability insurance

If you need life insurance, chances are you should also consider disability insurance. Instead of paying your family if you pass away, disability insurance pays you if you lose your ability to work due to illness or accident.

For expats, this is especially important because:

* Belgian healthcare may cover treatments, but not your lost income.

* If your spouse or dependents rely on your income, disability coverage helps prevent a sudden financial crisis.

Sign up for life insurance

Easy and English-friendly

Life insurance in Italy (assicurazione sulla vita)

Life insurance in the Netherlands (levensverzekering)

Life insurance in France

Life insurance in Spain

Life insurance in Sweden

Life Insurance in Belgium (assurance vie/levensverzekering)

Nurse completing a Belgian public health insurance form at their desk

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How the mutuelle (public health insurance fund) works in Belgium

Do I qualify for public health insurance?

### Introduction

Belgium is known for having one of the best healthcare systems in Europe. At the heart of this system is the **mutuelle** (in French) or **ziekenfonds** (in Dutch) — a public health insurance fund that manages reimbursements and access to care. Joining a mutuelle is **mandatory** for anyone living, studying, or working in Belgium. It ensures your medical costs are reimbursed and that you have access to the public healthcare network.


### What is a mutuelle (ziekenfonds)?

A mutuelle is the organization through which you access Belgium’s public health insurance system. 
In simple terms: you pay a small annual contribution, and the mutuelle reimburses most of your medical expenses.

One of the things many people appreciate about Belgian healthcare is the **freedom of choice**. You’re free to decide which doctor, general practitioner, or specialist you want to see — without needing a referral first. This makes the system more flexible than in some neighboring countries, where access to specialists is more restricted.

**Key facts:**
- Membership is mandatory for residents who are paying social security contributions.
- It provides compulsory health coverage (doctor visits, hospitals, maternity, prescriptions).
- Every fund follows national reimbursement rates set by Belgium’s government.
- Each fund adds optional extra benefits (e.g. dental, physiotherapy, travel assistance).

[You can register here to join a Belgian mutuelle fund at a fixed price of €9.99/month.](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/public)

### When must you sign up?

Health insurance is not optional in Belgium — you _must_ register with a mutuelle if:

- you are officially registered at an address in Belgium
- you are paying social security contributions in Belgium (for example, through work)

**Timing:**

You can only join once your official residence is registered. Before that, you may need temporary coverage.

**Can I join a mutuelle if I'm not paying social security contributions?**

No, in order to benefit from the Belgian public health system, you need to pay social security contributions in Belgium. This can be via your work, as a self-employed or via your Belgian pension or unemployment. If you're currently not paying social security contributions but you want to register for a mutuelle, you will have to declare your income and will be asked to pay quarterly contributions of €931.12/quarter, first.

Foreign students can join a mutuelle from the day they arrive, but also need to pay social security contributions. As a student, you need an enrolment certificate from a Belgian school or university, and your social security contributions will be lowered to €78.93 per quarter.

**Temporary coverage options:**
- if you’re coming from the EEA or the UK, you may use your **EHIC** (European Health Insurance Card) or **GHIC** (UK Global Health Insurance Card) for temporary cover until your registration in Belgium is complete
- if you are moving from outside the EU/EEA, temporary expat health insurance can cover you until you’re eligible for a mutuelle

With Feather’s [**expat health insurance**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat), you’re free to cancel your policy on a **month-by-month basis**. This means you stay covered until the day your mutuelle membership is active — avoiding both gaps and unnecessary overlap in your health coverage.


### How to choose a mutuelle

The compulsory coverage is the same everywhere, but each mutuelle provides slightly different extras and services. Here are the key factors to look at:

- **Supplementary benefits**: which additional services matter to you (dental, physiotherapy, travel, childcare, alternative medicine)?
- **Language and support**: some funds, such as our partners, are known for offering better English-language services and even expat-dedicated help
- **Local presence**: a nearby branch makes paperwork and advice much easier


### The registration process (step-by-step)

Once you’ve chosen a mutual fund, registering is straightforward. You’ll usually need to provide:

- your passport or residence permit
- proof of address in Belgium
- your national registration number (obtained when you register at the commune)
- proof of employment, student enrollment, or other social security status

After submitting your application — either online, by post, or in person — you’ll receive confirmation of membership and an insurance card or stickers to use when requesting reimbursements. From this point, you’re officially part of the Belgian public health insurance system.


### Topping up your coverage

The mutuelle provides excellent compulsory coverage, and for many people this is sufficient. However, it is possible to **top up your basic health insurance with private health insurance**. Private policies can cover faster access to specialists, private hospital rooms, or treatments not fully reimbursed by the mutuelle. This is entirely optional, and many residents are fully satisfied with public health coverage alone.


### Conclusion

The mutuelle system is central to Belgium’s excellent healthcare: it makes high-quality care affordable and accessible to everyone. Once you’re officially registered in Belgium, joining a mutuelle is one of the first steps to take to secure your health coverage.

**Want to join right away or [check your eligibility first?](https://forms.feather-insurance.com/r/7rrae6)**

If you’re not yet eligible, [**Feather’s expat health insurance**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat) can bridge the gap. 
It’s accepted by visa authorities, can be canceled monthly, and ensures you’re covered from day one, until you can smoothly transition into the public system.

👉 [**Book a call with Feather today**](https://calendly.com/feather-belgium/expat-health-insurance) to get personal advice and start your journey with peace of mind.

Expat moving to Belgium?

Strongly recommend for expats

[BP] Guide to public health insurance

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How health insurance & healthcare work in Belgium

Ever tried to understand Belgian health insurance as an expat?

It's like trying to read a manual written in three languages... because it literally is.

But here's the thing:

Belgium has one of the **best healthcare systems in Europe** ([ranking 5th](https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/best-healthcare-in-the-world)).

The problem?

Most expats make expensive mistakes because they don't understand how it works.

Today, we’ll show you exactly how Belgian health insurance works.

> **Quick Summary:** Belgian health insurance is mandatory for all residents and workers. You have 3 months to register or face fines up to €2,500. 
>
> This guide shows you exactly how to navigate Belgium's healthcare system, avoid costly mistakes, and get covered fast.

Let's dive right in.

## Is health insurance mandatory in Belgium? (Yes)

Health insurance is **legally required** for anyone living or working in Belgium.

This isn't a suggestion. It's the law.

Specifically, the **Law of July 14, 1994** makes health insurance compulsory for:

- All employees (even on day one)
- Self-employed individuals
- Students staying over 3 months
- Unemployed residents
- Retirees
- Family members of workers

**TLDR:** If you're in Belgium for more than a tourist visit, you need health insurance.

### What is the 3-month rule?

Here's something most guides won't tell you:

You have exactly **90 days** from arrival to register for health insurance.

Miss this deadline?

You're looking at:

- Fines up to **€2,500**
- Retroactive payments from your arrival date
- Potential residence permit problems

## What happens if you don't get Belgian health insurance?

Skipping health insurance in Belgium is financially irresponsible.

Here's what will happen:

### Immediate consequences (month 1)

- **Zero reimbursements:** You pay 100% of medical costs (unless you have expat health insurance)
- **No subsidized medications:** Full pharmacy prices
- **Limited hospital access:** Emergency care only

### Legal penalties (month 3+)

- Administrative fines: **€250-€2,500**
- Employer fines: Up to **€2,500** (they'll pass this to you)
- Late registration fees: **€50-€250** extra

### Long-term (year 1+)

- **Visa renewal blocks:** Your residence permit is at risk.
- **Debt accumulation:** One surgery can cost €10,000+.
- **No preventive care:** You’ll be ineligible for free cancer screenings, dental cleanings, etc.
- **Credit impacts:** Unpaid medical bills affect your Individual Credit Register (ICR) score

**The worst part?**

Belgian authorities actively check. This isn't something you can "forget" about.

## How Belgian healthcare actually works: 3-pillar system

Belgian healthcare looks complicated.

But it's actually pretty simple once you understand the structure.

Think of it like a three-layer cake:

### Layer 1: Social security funding (the foundation)

This is where the money comes from.

If you're employed:

- Your employer pays **25%** of your gross salary
- You pay **13.07%** of your gross salary
- About **7.35%** goes specifically to health insurance

### Layer 2: Mutualités (Health funds)

These are non-profit organizations that handle your benefits.

Belgium has 6 major ones:

| Mutuality | Members | Special Focus |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **CM** (Christian) | 4.5M | Families, largest network, multi-language support |
| **Solidaris** (Socialist) | 3M | Strong in Wallonia |
| **Mutualité Libérale** (Liberal) | 2.2M | Business professionals |
| **Partenamut** (Independent) | 1.2M | Digital services |
| **Mutualité Neutre** (Neutral) | 500K | Straightforward approach |

**Here's the kicker:** They **all** provide the exact same basic coverage.

The only differences? Extra non-essential perks (for example, gym discounts or the amount subsidized for glasses).

### Layer 3: Optional supplements (”top up insurance”)

This covers what public insurance doesn't:

- Single hospital rooms
- Dental implants
- Alternative medicine
- Comfort medications

## What does Belgian health insurance cover?

### What's covered (the good news)

Belgian insurance covers a lot:

| Service | You Pay | Insurance Pays | Total Cost |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **GP Visit** | €5.95 | €21.86 | €27.81 |
| **Specialist** | €12 | €38 | €50 |
| **Emergency rom** | €25-40 | €75-110 | €100-150 |
| **Hospital stay** (shared room) | €20/day | Rest | Fully covered |
| **Childbirth** | €0-50 | Everything | €3,000+ value |
| **Cancer treatment** | Minimal | 95-100% | €50,000+ value |
| **Mental health** | €11/session | €39/session | €50/session |

These figures are not always exact: sometimes you’ll pay a little more, sometimes a little less.

Medications are covered too, but the amount depends on their category:

- **Category A (vital):** 100% covered
- **Category B (important):** 75-80% covered
- **Category C (symptomatic):** 50% covered
- **Category Cx (comfort):** 0% covered

### What's *not* covered (the bad news)

Here's where healthcare can get expensive:

- **Single hospital rooms**: +€150-300/day (not covered)
- **Non-convention doctors**: Can charge 300% more
- **Dental implants**: €1,500-3,000 each (zero coverage)
- **Adult orthodontics**: €3,000-6,000 (not covered)
- **Cosmetic procedures**: 0% coverage
- **Alternative medicine**: Usually not covered

**Our tip:** It’s possible to get these services covered. It’s why [4.6 million Belgians](https://webappsa.riziv-inami.fgov.be/wrt/fr) get supplementary insurance.

## How does the Belgian reimbursement system work?

Belgium has two payment methods:

### Method 1: Third-party payment

Here’s how it works:

1. Show your Belgian residence permit, Belgian ID or ISI+ card (card that shows that you are covered by Belgian social security)
2. Pay only your share (for example, €5.95 for GP visits)
3. Insurance pays additional costs to the doctor directly

Best of all? **No paperwork needed.**

This method is available for:

- All hospitals
- Most pharmacies
- Most GPs and specialists
- Lab tests

### Method 2: Pay and claim

The process is slightly different:

1. Pay the full amount upfront
2. Get an "attestation" (proof of payment) from your healthcare professional.
3. Submit the attestation to your mutuality, usually via an app, website, or post
4. Get reimbursed in 5-10 days (starting from the moment they confirm receiving your claim)

Good to know: you can claim costs back for up to two years in the past.

The “pay and claim” method is usually used for:

- Some doctor visits and specialists
- Dental care
- Physiotherapy

## Do you have to pay for healthcare in Belgium?

Technically, yes. You’ll have to pay for treatment, but only up to a certain point.

Why?

Because Belgium has something called **Maximum Billing (MAF)**.

What does it do?

It limits your annual “out-of-pocket” (what you pay yourself) medical costs. 

The amount is based on income:

- Low income: **€250/year** maximum
- Average income: **€650/year** maximum
- High income: **€1,900/year** maximum

After hitting your cap, everything is 100% covered.

## When to get expat health insurance in Belgium

If you’ve just moved to Belgium, you’ve got three main health insurance options.

Two of them (public and private health insurance), we’ve already discussed: They are for residents who are already registered. 

But here’s the catch:

To join the public system, you need to pay into **social security**.

And to get private insurance, you must already have **public coverage**.

So what happens if you’re:

- Applying for a **visa**?
- Waiting to **start your job**?
- Or still **waiting on your residence permit**?

That’s where [**expat health insurance**](https://www.feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat) comes in.

It’s designed to be your **bridge to the Belgian system** (the safety net that keeps you covered while you’re getting settled).

Here’s what you need to know:

- Expat health insurance is designed specifically for newcomers in Belgium.
- It’s ideal if you need proof of insurance for your **visa application** (it’s actually one of the official [Belgian visa requirements](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/visa-requirements))
- Or if you’re in that awkward in-between phase before you’re officially registered

Here are the key benefits it provides:

- It’s usually **cheaper** than public or private plans
- It covers you for **up to 5 years** (depending on the provider)
- It excludes pre-existing conditions, which keeps costs lower

Expat health insurance is your **fast, flexible, and affordable** entry ticket to Belgian healthcare.

Once you’re integrated into the public or private system, you can switch easily. No gaps, no fines, no stress.

Visa-compliant. Best-rated support. Cancel anytime.

## How to get health insurance in Belgium: Step-by-step

Here's exactly how to get covered:

### Step 0: Get expat health insurance

Skip this step if you’ve already received your National Registration Number (11-digit code assigned to all residents registered in Belgium).

If you’ve not yet received it (for example, if you just moved or are applying for a visa), you should *seriously* consider expat health insurance. 

It ensures that if anything bad happens to you, you’ll be able to afford healthcare while proceeding with the next steps (it’s also a mandatory step in the [visa application process](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/visa-application-process)).

### Step 1: Social security registration

As an employee, your employer registers you with ONSS (National Social Security Office in Belgium) automatically. 

All you have to do is provide them with your National Registration Number, which you’ll get once you’re officially registered in Belgium.

If you’re a freelancer or self employed, you must register with a social security fund. These include:

- Acerta
- Xerius
- Liantis
- UCM

If you don't fit into these categories, but are residing in Belgium: [contact Feather](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/public) - we can still find the best option for you to sign up for public health insurance

### Step 2: Choose your mutualité

To choose your mutualité, remember that **they all offer the same core coverage**. The only difference will be in small extras and bonus programs.

Once you’ve chosen your preferred mutualité, you can:

1. Go to the relevant mutuality website (CM, Solidaris, etc.)
2. Click "Join" or "Inscription"
3. Upload your documents:
    - Passport/ID
    - Employment contract
    - Residence permit (or proof of application)
    - Belgian bank account IBAN
    - **For freelancers only:** Proof of self-employment registration and a business plan (if it’s a new business)
4. Get temporary certificate of membership immediately (you can use this to get medical treatment)

### Step 3: Cancel expat health insurance

Once you’re into the Belgian public system, you can safely cancel your expat health insurance.

If something happens and you need medical attention, you’ll be covered.

### Step 4: **Receive personalised stickers**

The stickers show your personal data and that you are covered by Belgian social security. 
It will arrives by mail in the 2 weeks following your application.

When you're reimbursing costs via the 2nd method, you need to stick one of these stickers onto your receipt before mailing/deposing it to the mutuelle.

### Step 5: Get a health insurance top-up

If you want to get the best benefits, coverage and reimbursements, you should seriously consider a top-up to the public health insurance.

It’s not mandatory, but ensures you get access to the best treatments, facilities and personnel for a fraction of the cost you’d have to pay if if you were on public insurance only.

All Belgian mutuelles offer a bunch of options, but you can also look at private insurance companies for the top-up.

### Step 6: Payments (for freelancers and self-employed only)

When you’re self employed, you must pay your social security fund quarterly.

The exact dates can vary year to year, but generally the payments are due on:

- March 20th
- June 20th
- September 20th
- December 20th

These payments cover your contributions to health insurance, pension, and other social benefits. 

## How much does Belgian health insurance cost?

Let's talk money (because no one wants to overpay for health insurance).

Here’s what to expect cost-wise in Belgium:

### If you're employed

Payments (and cost) are automatic, based on and deducted from your salary:

| Gross salary | Total social security (13.07%) | Health portion (7.35%) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| €2,500 | €327 | €183 |
| €3,500 | €457 | €257 |
| €5,000 | €653 | €368 |
| €7,500 | €980 | €551 |

### If You're Self-Employed

Quarterly payments based on your income:

| Annual Income | Per Quarter | Per Year |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Under €15,832 | €747 (minimum) | €2,988 |
| €25,000 | €1,281 | €5,125 |
| €50,000 | €2,563 | €10,250 |
| €75,000 | €3,281 | €13,125 |
| Over €98,540 | €3,487 (maximum) | €13,947 |

## Should you get private health insurance?

Our opinion is that private health insurance is crucial (even essential).

Why?

Because public health insurance only goes so far. 

For example… 

### **Hospitalisation insurance**.

Hospitalization insurance is the coverage most Belgians never skip.

Why? Because your public plan only covers part of your hospital stay.

You’re still on the hook for things like:

- Lab tests
- Doctor consultations
- Blood transfusions
- Medication
- Single-room upgrades

Those “extras” can add up fast — one short hospital stay can easily hit four figures.

That’s why **nearly 9 out of 10 Belgians** ([88%](https://www.kbcbrussels.be/retail/en/insurance/family/hospitalisation-insurance.html)) have hospitalization insurance.

It takes a potential €3,000–€10,000 bill and turns it into a manageable monthly cost.

### Dental insurance

Again, a private dental insurance can help you bridge your public coverage’s gap:

| Treatment | Public Covers | Actual Cost | Your Gap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cleaning | €20 | €80 | €60 |
| Filling | €30 | €120 | €90 |
| Crown | €300 | €1,200 | €900 |
| Implant | €0 | €2,500 | €2,500 |

With dental insurance, you can expect to pay almost 0 for all of these (with a few caveats, like waiting periods and limits — but generally, unless you have excellent oral health, these policies are worth it. 

### In short…

If you want peace of mind, and protection from big, unexpected bills, private health insurance is your best bet.

## The bottom line

Belgian healthcare is excellent once you understand it.

Yes, the registration seems complex. But it's actually straightforward when you follow the steps.

Your total budget should be:

- **Employees:** €150-250/month (including supplements)
- **Self-employed:** €250-400/month (including supplements)
- **Families:** Add €50-100/month for kids

The most important things to remember:

1. **Register within 90 days** (non-negotiable). While waiting, get [expat health insurance](https://www.feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat).
2. **Get hospitalization insurance**
3. **Submit claims immediately** (money back faster)

Belgium's healthcare system ranks 4th in Europe for a reason: Once you're in, you'll have access to world-class medical care at incredibly reasonable prices.

The key is getting set up correctly from the start.

## Frequently Asked Questions

### **Can I use my home country insurance instead?**

Only for the first 3 months with EHIC (EU citizens) or if you're a posted worker with A1 certificate. After that, Belgian insurance is mandatory.

### **What if I travel frequently?**

Belgian insurance covers emergencies EU-wide. For broader coverage, add international travel insurance or consider expat insurance like Feather.

### **I'm only here for 6 months. Do I need Belgian insurance?**

Yes, if you're working. Consider expat insurance for simpler administration if your stay is under 1 year.

### **Can I switch mutuality?**

Yes, once per year during January. The process takes 5 minutes online.

### **Are pre-existing conditions covered in Belgium?**

Belgian public insurance covers everything - no exclusions for pre-existing conditions. Private supplements may have restrictions.

### **How do I find an English-speaking doctor?**

Use [doctoranytime.be](http://doctoranytime.be/) and filter by language, or ask your mutuality for recommendations. Brussels and Flanders have the most options.

### **Is dental care really that expensive?**

Basic care is affordable (€60-80 for cleaning). Major work (implants, crowns) is expensive without supplementary insurance.

### **What if I lose my job?**

You maintain coverage through unemployment benefits or can pay voluntarily. Your mutuality will guide you through the transition.

### **Can my spouse work if they're on my insurance?**

Yes, but once they earn income, they need their own registration. Children stay on family coverage until 25 (if studying).

### **Do I need to speak French or Dutch?**

Not necessarily. Many doctors speak English, especially in cities. But learning key medical terms helps.

*This guide is based on official Belgian government sources including INAMI/RIZIV, ONSS/RSZ, and major mutuality websites. All rates current for 2024-2025. For personalized advice, consult your mutuality, insurance broker, or [contact us](https://calendly.com/feather-belgium/expat-health-insurance).*

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